美国对朝鲜经济金融制裁演进、影响及启示

The Evolution, Influence and Enlightenment of American Economic and Financial Sanctions on North Korea

摘要: 二战后军事手段在解决外交关系中逐渐减少使用，取而代之的是经济金融制裁，通过国际贸易、资金流动等影响相关国家产业链与相关领域。经济作为一国生存和发展的重要命脉，成为美国控制国际市场、维护其世界霸权主义的主要手段，而经济金融制裁则成为美国重要的对外政策。近年来，美国以维护国际安全为由对朝鲜发起多轮经济金融制裁，制裁的广度和深度大大超过以往，特别值得关注的是以联合国安理会的名义实施。因此，选择从近几年美国对朝鲜的经济金融制裁入手，分析美国对朝鲜经济金融制裁演进历程，由此对美国、朝鲜、第三方国家政治、经济等方面影响，最后结合我国与朝鲜差异，针对我国对外开放以及经济实力从对外开放格局、国际货币体系、人民币国际化等方面提出建议。

Abstract: After World War II, economic and financial sanctions were used in solving diplomatic relations in-stead of military which was gradually reduced, affecting industrial chains and related fields in re-lated countries through international trade and capital flows. Economy, as an important lifeblood of a country's survival and development, has become the main means of the United States to control the international market and maintain its world hegemonism, so economic and financial sanctions have become an important foreign policy of the United States. In recent years, the United States has launched several rounds of economic and financial sanctions against North Korea on the basis of maintaining international security. Besides, the breadth and depth of sanctions have been much higher than before. It should be paid special attention that the sanctions are in the name of the UN Security Council. Therefore, starting from the economic and financial sanctions on North Korea in recent years, the paper analyzes the evolution of American economic and financial sanctions against North Korea, and the impact on the United States, North Korea, third countries in politics, economy and so on. Finally, combining the difference between China and North Korea, aimed at China's opening up and economic strength, this paper gives suggestions for the opening-up patterns, the international monetary system and RMB internationalization.