不同处理方式对半夏连作障碍的缓解初探

Study on Mitigation Measure of Continuous Cropping Obstacles on Pinellia ternata (Thunb) Breit with Different Treatments

摘要: 为缓解半夏连作障碍问题，以半夏单作为对照，研究了“连作半夏与带菌黑麦草间作及用其种子浸提液浇灌半夏土壤”对连作半夏(Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) breit.)微生物区系、生长量及发病率的影响，以探讨利用禾草化感作用及其内生真菌抗逆性双重作用缓解连作障碍的可行性。结果表明，与单作对照相比，半夏与带菌禾草间作和浇灌其种子浸提液均能够使土壤中细菌、放线菌、微生物总数和B/F有所上升，真菌数量和土壤脲酶有所下降，过氧化氢酶含量和磷酸酶含量间作处理升高，而浇灌处理与浓度有关，50 mg/L时下降，80 mg/L时升高；与对照相比，两种处理均能降低块茎腐烂病的发病率，提高半夏繁殖系数，浇灌处理对半夏地上部生长作用与浓度有关，50 mg/ml的浸提液对半夏地上部生长产生不同程度的抑制作用，80 mg/ml浸提液对半夏生长均有促进作用。这表明带菌黑麦草间作和浇灌一定浓度的种子浸提液具有协同提高连作半夏产量的作用。

Abstract: In order to alleviate or overcome obstacles of continuous cropping in Pinellia ternata planting, taking mono-cropping as a control, P. ternata was interplanted with germy ryegrass and its seed extract solution was used to irrigate the soil of P. ternata, whose effects on soil microflora, the growth and morbidity were to analysis the feasibility of dual effects of allelopathy and endophytic fungal stress resistance of grasses for mitigation of continuous cropping obstacles. The results showed that P. ternata interplanted with germy ryegrass and its seed extract solution significantly reduced soil mould colony forming units (CFU) and urease, but increased bacterium (CFU), actinomyces (CFU) and microbial diversity. The content of catalase and phosphatase increased after intertreatment. Irrigation treatment was related to concentration, which decreased at 50 mg/L and increased at 80 mg/L. Compared with the control group, both the two treatments can reduce the incidence of tuber rot and increase the reproduction coefficient of Pinellia ternata. The effect of irrigation treatment on the growth of the overground part of Pinellia ternata is related to the concentration. 50 mg/ml extraction solution can inhibit the growth of the overground part of Pinellia ternata to varying degrees while 80 mg/ml extraction solution can promote the growth of Pinellia ternata. The results showed that intercropping with ryegrass and watering with certain concentration of seed extract solution could increase the yield of Pinellia ternata.