斜齿圆柱齿轮载荷分布及热弹流温度场分析

Study on Load Distribution and Thermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Temperature Fields of Helical Gear System

摘要: 啮合面载荷分布是斜齿轮设计和强度校核的基础。以传动误差为基础，基于啮合面和端面刚度建立了斜齿轮单位线载荷分析模型，通过数值解法得到了斜齿轮啮合面上单位线载荷和转角误差分布。为便于设计和校核，建立了既综合考虑齿廓因素和轴向因素，又能反映啮合面载荷的特征坐标系。将斜齿轮副简化为两个反向圆锥台接触模型，完善了斜齿轮热弹流分析模型，得到了斜齿轮接触点油膜压力、厚度和温度场分布，得到了沿特征坐标分布的闪温。结果表明：斜齿轮齿廓中部承担了大部分载荷，其变化规律与转角误差相同。本文建立的特征坐标系能够反映齿轮载荷分布特征和满足设计和校核的要求。高速重载齿轮系统热弹流解闪温分布与Blok闪温分布规律基本相同。本文可以为斜齿轮设计和胶合强度校核提供理论依据。

Abstract: The load distribution of meshing surface is the basis of design and strength rating of helical gear. The unit-line load analysis model based on the transmission error, meshing face and transverse stiffness of helical gear was established. The distribution of unit-line load and transmission error was calculated by numerical method. The feature coordinate system considering both tooth profile and axial factor was established for ease of design and checking. Two reverse tapers’ contact model was proposed to simulate the helical gear pair. The more accurate thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis model was established. The oil film thickness, pressure and temperature fields of contact point and flash temperature along the feature coordinate were obtained. The results show: the middle part of tooth profile bears a large proportion of load and its variation law is the same as the angle error. The feature coordinate system proposed in this paper can reflect the characteristics of the load distribution and satisfy the requirement of helical gear strength check. The flash temperature calculated by thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication method is almost the same with Blok flash temperature in dedendum and middle part of tooth profile. The study in the paper can provide the basis for the helical design and check of scuffing load capacity of helical gear pair.