不同施氮量与打顶时间对烤烟生长、化学成分和经济效益的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogenous Fertilizer Application Levels and Topping Time on Growth, Chemical Composition and Economic Benefits of Flue-Cured Tobacco

摘要: 本文研究了不同施氮量与打顶时间对烤烟生育期、农艺性状、大田主要病害、化学成分和经济效益的影响。结果表明，在试验条件下，减少施氮量烟株生长速度减慢，花叶病和成熟期赤星病的发病率更高、发病程度加重，烤后烟叶化学成分协调性差，但提前打顶可弥补由于施肥不足对烟株造成的早衰现象，利于茎围增加，利于烟叶叶片开面，提前5天打顶效果较好。正常施氮量有利于烟叶化学成分的协调性，减少施氮量、提前5天打顶的烟株烤后在烟碱方面的表现较好。

Abstract: Effects of different nitrogenous fertilizer application levels and topping time on growth period, agronomic characters, occurrence of major diseases in the field, chemical composition and economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco were studied in the paper. The results showed that under the experimental conditions, with the decrease of nitrogenous fertilizer application level, the growth rate was slow; the incidence rate of tobacco mosaic diseases and tobacco brown spot at maturity was higher; occurrence degree of diseases aggravated and the coordination of chemical composition were poor. Topping 5 days in advance could make up for the premature aging, which is beneficial to increase stalk circumference and leaf-opening caused by insufficient nitrogenous fertilizer. The effect of topping 5 days in advance is better. Normal nitrogenous fertilizer application was beneficial to the coordination of chemical composition. Nicotine was suitable if reducing nitrogenous fertilizer application and topping 5 days in advance.