河北省唐山市大棚葡萄休眠期气象要素调控效果分析

Analysis on the Regulation and Control Effect of Meteorological Elements during the Dormancy Period of Grapes in Greenhouses in Tangshan City, Hebei Province

摘要: 本文针对玫瑰香葡萄品种，利用唐山市3个气象站2018~2019年的休眠期及催芽期气象资料，包括逐时正点气温、相对湿度，大棚内0.5 m和1.5 m逐时气温，大棚内0.5 m和1.5 m逐时湿度，采用数理统计的方法进行分析，研究河北唐山大棚葡萄休眠期气象要素调控效果，结果表明：(1) 大棚在休眠期的调控作用主要为增温、保温和降温，大棚能调控的最大增温幅度为21.3℃/小时，最大降温幅度为6.5℃/小时。且最高能增温到21.5℃，最低能降温到−4℃；(2) 无论在休眠期的哪个阶段，棚内温度变化始终为从高层到低层呈现逐渐升高的趋势，并且在大棚内从棚顶至地面平均每降0.5 m温度上升0.8℃~1.1℃，然而棚内各层的湿度几乎保持一致没有太大的变化。

Abstract: This article is aimed at the muscat grape varieties, using the dormant period meteorological data from three weather stations in Tangshan City from 2018 to 2019, including hourly punctual temperature, relative humidity, hourly temperature of 0.5 m and 1.5 m in the greenhouse, hourly humidity of 0.5 m and 1.5 m in the greenhouse, using mathematical statistics to analyze the effects of meteorological factors during the dormancy and germination period of the greenhouse grapes in Tangshan, Hebei Province. The results show that: (1) The regulation effect of the greenhouse during the dormancy period is mainly to increase temperature, keep warm and cool. The maximum temperature increase rate that the greenhouse can control is 21.3˚C/hour, and the maximum temperature decrease rate is 6.5˚C/hour. And the highest temperature can be increased to 21.5˚C, and the lowest can be cooled to −4˚C; (2) No matter what stage of the dormant period, the temperature change in the shed always shows a trend of gradual increase from high to low, and in the greenhouse from the shed. The temperature rises by 0.8˚C - 1.1˚C for every 0.5 m drop from the top to the ground, but the humidity of each layer in the shed remains almost the same and there is not much change.