基于百度热力图的重庆中心城区活力时空特征分析

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Vitality in the Central Area of Chongqing Based on Bai-du Heatmap

摘要: 随着大数据发展，百度热力图因其能通过可视化的形式来反映当前地区人群集聚情况，被广泛应用于城市活力、城市规划的研究中。为研究城市活力，本文以重庆中心城区为研究对象，通过python爬虫获取工作日和节假日共36张百度热力图，在ArcGIS软件中对热力值进行分级提取，从时间和空间两个维度对重庆中心城区活力进行分析，揭示重庆市中心城区工作日和节假日居民出行活动特征。结果表明：1) 居民的出行规律受工作时间影响。工作日越接近上班时间，高热区面积就越大，而下班时间之后，高热区面积逐渐减小；节假日的出行规律与工作日相比存在滞后性，热区面积快速增加和减少时间都比工作日晚；2) 重庆中心城区工作日的活力区域比较集中，节假日比较分散，这跟工作日和节假日居民的出行地点不同有关。这些研究结论在一定程度上为重庆中心城区的城市规划和居民出行提供参考。

Abstract: With the development of big data, Baidu Heatmap has been widely used in the research of urban vitality and urban planning because of its ability to visualize the current population clustering in the region. In this paper, the central area of Chongqing was picked up as a case to elucidate the ur-ban vitality. First, we obtained a total of 36 Baidu heatmaps on weekdays and holidays by python crawler. Then, we extracted the heating value by ArcGIS software to analyze the vitality in the Cen-tral Area of Chongqing from the two dimensions of time and space. Finally, we revealed the charac-teristics of residents’ travel rules in the central area of Chongqing on weekdays and holidays. The results indicate that 1) Residents’ travel rules are affected by working hours. On working days, be-fore and after working hours, the area of the high-heat zone gradually increases, and after getting off work hours, the area of the high-heat zone gradually decreases; Compared with workdays, the travel rules of holidays are lagging behind, and the rapid increase and decrease of the high-hot zone area are later than workdays. 2) The vitality areas in the central area of Chongqing on weekdays are relatively concentrated, while on holidays are scattered. This is related to the different travel loca-tions of residents during weekdays and holidays. Our findings can provide a reference for urban planning and residents’ travel in the central area of Chongqing.