领悟社会支持量表PSSS在一线人员中使用评价

The Performance Evaluation of Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) in the Front-Line Staff

摘要: 本研究旨在评价领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)在用于研究国内出现突发公共卫生事件一线人员社会支持时的信度和效度，以期能为调查一线人员领悟社会支持现状提供科学严谨的测评工具。方法：采用方便抽样方法，使用PSSS量表对292名新冠疫情期间奋战在一线的工作人员进行调查，根据调查结果对量表进行信度与效度检验。结果：PSSS量表3个维度的联合解释变异量为73.078%，分量表之间的相关系数为0.561~0.750，比总量表之间的相关性要低，表明PSSS量表的结构效度较高；2/df = 1.669，比较拟合指数(CFI) = 0.971，近似误差均方根(RMSEA) = 0.054, SRMR = 0.043；总量表与3个分量表的Cronbach’s α系数分别为0.923，0.909，0.866，0.789，其折半信度为0.801~0.915，表明该量表信度甚佳。结论：PSSS信效度优良，但可对第10题进行适当的语义调整，以提升原理论模型与现实观察对象的适切性。

Abstract: The study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) when it is used in the study of social support of front-line personnel who have emergencies in public health in China, and to provide a scientific and rigorous assessment tool for investigating the status of front-line staff’s understanding of social support. Methods: Using the convenience sampling method, the PSSS scale was used to investigate 292 COVID-19 workers who fought on the front line, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested according to the survey results. Results: The combined interpretation of the three dimensions of the PSSS was 73.078%, and the correlation coefficient between the subscales was 0.561 to 0.750, which was lower than the correlation between the variables in the total scale; results of structural equation modeling showed that the scale structure had high validity. The model had a good fit by most criteria. Using validating factor analysis analyzed theoretical models of the scale, χ2/df = 1.669, CFI = 0.971, RMSEA = 0.054, SRMR = 0.043. Cronbach’s α of the total table and three dimensions’ coefficients were 0.923, 0.909, 0.866, 0.789, and its half-reliability was 0.801 to 0.915, indicating that the scale had good reliability. Conclusion: The reliability and validity of the PSSS are ideal, and the model fit was moderately good. However, the relevant items (Q10) should be appropriately semantically adjusted to better improve the suitability of the original theoretical model and the actual observation object.