制动缸活塞行程对列车纵向动力学性能影响仿真研究

Simulation Research on Influence of Piston Stroke of Brake Cylinder on Longitudinal Dynamic Performance of Train

摘要: 为探寻制动缸活塞行程对列车纵向动力学性能的影响，本文采用列车空气制动和纵向动力学联合仿真系统研究制动缸活塞行程对2万t重载列车的制动能力与纵向力等动力学性能的影响。结果表明，相同空气制动减压量下，制动缸活塞行程越大，列车制动能力越弱；空气减压量越大，活塞行程对列车制动能力的影响越小；活塞行程由145 mm增大到190 mm时，减压50 kPa下制动距离相差最大约48.3%，紧急制动下制动距离相差最大约4.9%。从车钩力来看，相同空气制动减压量下，制动缸活塞行程越大，列车产生的最大压钩力越小；随着减压量增大，活塞行程对列车最大压钩力的影响总体呈减小趋势；减压50 kPa下最大压钩力相差最大约34.8%，而常用全制动与紧急制动时最大压钩力相差最大分别约4.3%、6.1%。

Abstract: In order to explore the influence of piston stroke of brake cylinder on the longitudinal dynamic performance of train, this paper adopts the joint simulation system of train air braking and longitudinal dynamics to study the influence of piston stroke of brake cylinder on the dynamic performance of 20,000t heavy duty train, such as braking capacity and longitudinal force. The results show that the larger the piston stroke of the brake cylinder is, the weaker the braking capacity of the train is. The greater the amount of air decompression, the less the influence of piston stroke on the braking capacity of train. When the piston stroke increases from 145 mm to 190 mm, the maximum braking distance difference under decompression 50 kPa is about 48.3%, and the maximum braking distance difference under emergency braking is about 4.9%. From the point of view of coupler force, under the same air brake decompression amount, the greater the piston stroke of brake cylinder, the smaller the maximum hook force produced by the train; With the increase of pressure reduction, the influence of piston stroke on the maximum hook force decreases. The maximum difference of hook force under decompression of 50 kPa is about 34.8%, while the maximum difference of hook force under common full braking and emergency braking is about 4.3% and 6.1%, respectively.