从理论到实践：加强学校与家庭的合作促进学生成功

From Theory to Practice: Strengthening School-Family Partnerships for Students’ Success

摘要: 本文深入研究了家长教育参与对学生学业表现的影响机制，考虑了不同的定义、理论模型以及国内外研究现状。家长教育参与的定义涵盖了多个维度，包括家长与学校互动和家庭内部互动，旨在支持学生的学术成就和整体发展。本文介绍了Hoover-Dempsey和Sandler的家长参与模型以及Grolnick和Slowiaczek的多维度家长教育参与模型，强调了家长的知觉、动机和实际行为之间的关系。文献综述表明，积极的家长教育参与与学生学业表现存在正相关，尤其是在中国文化中，家长的期望对学生的学术表现产生重大影响。然而，文献揭示了某些局限性，例如研究方法的不一致，与学生年龄和文化背景相关的变化，以及家庭和学校之间合作的探索不足。未来的研究可以致力于建立更一致的测量工具、考虑不同年龄段学生的需求、开展跨文化研究以及深入研究家庭与学校之间的合作关系。这将有助于更深入地理解家长教育参与的影响，为改进学生的学术表现提供更具针对性的政策和实践建议，为教育决策提供支持和指导。

Abstract: This paper delves into the mechanisms underlying the impact of parental involvement on students’ academic performance, taking into consideration various definitions, theoretical models, and the current state of research at the national and international levels. The concept of parental involve-ment encompasses multiple dimensions, including interactions between parents and schools, as well as within the family, with the ultimate goal of supporting students’ academic achievements and holistic development. The paper introduces the parental involvement models proposed by Hoo-ver-Dempsey and Sandler, as well as the multidimensional parental involvement model by Grolnick and Slowiaczek, emphasizing the interplay between parental perceptions, motivations, and actual behaviors. The literature review indicates a positive correlation between proactive parental in-volvement and students’ academic performance, particularly notable in the context of Chinese cul-ture, where parental expectations wield significant influence over students’ scholastic achieve-ments. Nevertheless, the literature reveals certain limitations, such as inconsistencies in research methodologies, variations related to students’ age and cultural backgrounds, and an inadequately explored domain of collaboration between families and schools. Future research endeavors should focus on establishing more standardized measurement tools, considering the distinct needs of stu-dents across different age groups, conducting cross-cultural studies, and delving deeper into the dynamics of family-school cooperation. These efforts will contribute to a more profound under-standing of the impact of parental involvement, offering targeted policy and practical recommenda-tions for enhancing students’ academic performance and providing guidance to educational deci-sion-makers.