从知行合一观王阳明致良知的哲学意蕴

Viewing the Philosophical Implication of Wang Yangming’s Conscience from the Unity of Knowledge and Action

摘要: 王阳明的心学思想不仅涵盖对以往儒学的批判与继承，而且蕴含对本心与天理的新解与探析。王阳明在其晚年提出“致良知”的思想命题，标志着其心学体系的最终完成，其作为王阳明心学思想的立言宗旨，传递出非纯思范畴的思想意涵，“致良知”中既有对心体的讨论，也有对实践的强调，并在对二者融会贯通的过程中传递出“为善去恶”的人性意旨。时至今日，“致良知”在对于加强道德主体的判断力与执行力，促进其反思与改进以及推动道德教育体系不断完善与发展等方面都发挥一定的积极作用。基于此，本文将以其“知行合一”的理念为出发点，通过挖掘其早期“致良知”的思想缩影以深入阐释其思想内涵与实践路径，从而得出这一思想的现实意义与启思。

Abstract: Wang Yangming’s thought of mind not only covers the criticism and inheritance of the previous Confucianism, but also contains the new understanding and analysis of the original mind and the principles of heaven. In his later years, Wang Yangming put forward the thought proposition of “to the conscience”, which marks the final completion of his mind-learning system. As the stated pur-pose of Wang Yangming’s mind-learning thought, it conveys the ideological meaning of non-pure thinking category. In “to the conscience”, there is not only the discussion of mind and body, but also the emphasis on practice, and in the process of integrating the two, the human nature intention of “eliminating evil for good” is conveyed. Up to now, “to the conscience” has played a positive role in strengthening the moral subject’s judgment and execution, promoting its reflection and improve-ment, and promoting the continuous improvement and development of the moral education system. Based on this, this paper will take the idea of “unity of knowledge and action” as the starting point, through digging the microcosm of his early thought of “to conscience” to deeply explain its ideologi-cal connotation and practice path, so as to get the practical significance and inspiration of this thought.