紧急救治下患者知情不同意权冲突的解决路径探究

Research on the Regulations of Conflict of Patients’ Right to Informed Disconsent under Emergency Treatment

摘要: 临床实践中，患方的知情不同意常常使得医方陷入困境，医生在救助义务与尊重患者的自我决定权间进退两难。尤其是在对患者的紧急救治过程中更容易产生冲突，导致“医闹”。“医闹”现象不仅干扰了医疗秩序，也影响了正常的医疗纠纷处理程序，进而可能引发一系列的法律争议。本文以患方与医方间的医疗救治关系为背景，追溯知情不同意权的内涵与现实冲突，分析平衡患方知情不同意权下多个权益的方法，如完善现有规范，推动医患矛盾处理的程序化和法治化，设置专门机构作为第三方，明确规定知情不同意权代理顺位，明确医务人员告知义务的范围和流程等，以期为解决此类医疗法律争议提供帮助。

Abstract: In clinical treatment, because the patient and the patient’s relatives do not agree with the treatment plan told by the doctor, the doctor is in a dilemma between the obligation to help and respect the patient’s choice. Especially in the process of emergency treatment, such conflicts are more likely to occur, resulting in “medical ruckus”. The “medical ruckus” not only interferes with the medical order, but also affects the medical dispute handling procedure, which may lead to a series of issues of law. Based on the medical treatment relationship between the patient and the doctor, this paper traces the connotation and realistic conflicts of the right of informed disconsent, analyzes the methods to balance multiple rights and interests of the patient under the right of informed disconsent, such as improving the existing norms, promoting the procedural and legalization of the treatment of doctor-patient conflicts, setting up a special agency as a third party, and clearly stipulating the agency order of informed disconsent. Clarify the scope and process of the obligation of medical personnel to inform, with a view to providing assistance in resolving such medical legal disputes.