中国白茅草丛植被地理分布及其斑块特征

Vegetation Geographic Distribution and Patch Characteristics of Imperata cylindrica in China

摘要: 基于《中国植被图集(1:1,000,000)》，应用ArcGIS软件，提取白茅草丛数据用于空间配准并进行矢量和栅格化等处理，计算得到各群系斑块特征并利用斑块形状指数方法对白茅草丛群系进行分析与评价。结果表明：白茅草丛主要分布在云南，少量分布在四川南部以及广西与云南边界。从空间格局上看，白茅草丛植被小斑块多，大斑块少，斑块面积大小差别悬殊，多数斑块分布较为集中。白茅草丛植被总面积为17267.27 km²，总斑块数为448个，整体上各白茅群系的斑块形状均相对不规则且斑块异质性较大。基于总面积最大(16658.35 km²，占比96.5%)的白茅、密序野古草草丛斑块的情况，根据其对作物的危害、入药和防风固堤等特性，对白茅、密序野古草草丛斑块主要分布地区进行科学防治与利用提出了实用建议。

Abstract: Based on the Vegetation Atlas of China (1:1,000,000), ArcGIS software was used to extract the Imperata cylindrica data for spatial registration and vector and raster processing. The patch characteristics of each formation were calculated, analyzed and evaluated by patch shape index method. The results showed that the Imperata cylindrica was mainly distributed in Yunnan, and a small amount was distributed in southern Sichuan and the border between Guangxi and Yunnan. From the perspective of spatial pattern, there were more small patches and less big patches, and the difference of patch area was very large, and most patches were concentrated. The total vegetation area of the Imperata cylindrica is 17267.27 km², and the total patch number is 448. On the whole, the patch shape of each Imperata cylindrica formation is relatively irregular and the patch heterogeneity is large. Based on the largest total area (16658.35 km², accounting for 96.5%) of the Imperata cylindrica and dense order wild ancient grass patches, according to the harm to crops, medicine and wind protection and dyke reinforcement characteristics, the scientific control and utilization of the Imperata cylindrica and dense order wild ancient grass patches in the main distribution area were put forward.