“一时”的语法意义与语义特征探析

An Analysis of the Grammatical Meaning and Semantic Features of “Yishi”

摘要: 现代汉语中，副词“一时”常位于谓词性成分之前作状语，来修饰句中成分。“一时”的语法意义是非人为控制的短时存在，有当前短时存在、偶发短时存在和心理短时转变三类。它在语义上呈现短时性、偶然性、消极性和不可控性的特征，在句子的内部组配上倾向于否定句，而较少出现于肯定句中。

Abstract: In modern Chinese, the adverb “Yishi” is often used as an adverbial before the predicate element to modify the sentence element. The grammatical meaning of “Yishi” is a non-human-controlled short-term existence, which can be classified into three categories: current short-term existence, occasional short-term existence, and psychological short-term transformation. It presents characteristics of short-term, contingency, negativity, and uncontrollability in semantics, and tends to be negative in the internal composition of sentences, while appearing less frequently in affirmative sentences.