提取练习及其应用的研究综述
A Review of Retrieval Practice and Applications
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2021.113076, PDF,   
作者: 杨简绿：西南大学心理学部，重庆
关键词: 提取练习；测试效应；记忆；综述；Retrieval Practice； Testing Effect； Memory； Review
摘要: 提起学习策略，可能大部分人想到的还是重读、重学等比较低效的策略。而提取练习是指通过测试、自由回忆等方式从记忆中多次提取信息。相比于重学等学习策略，提取练习促进了对材料的学习，进一步提高记忆效果，增长记忆时间，这种效应被称为提取练习效应，也叫测试效应。本文围绕提取练习这一主题，主要从机制、局限性以及应用展望来梳理进行简要讨论。
Abstract: When it comes to learning strategies, most people think of re-reading, re-study and other rela-tively inefficient strategies. The retrieval practice refers to multiple extraction of information from memory through testing, free recall and other methods. Compared with learning strategies such as re-study, retrieval practice promotes the learning of materials, further improves the memory performance, and increases the memory time. This effect is called the retrieval practice effect or the testing effect. This paper briefly discusses the topic of retrieval practice, focusing on the mechanisms, limitations and application perspectives.
文章引用：杨简绿 (2021). 提取练习及其应用的研究综述. 心理学进展, 11(3), 657-664. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2021.113076

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