电商平台中反向刷单行为的刑事问题探究

Investigation on the Criminal Problem of Reverse Brushing Behavior in E-Commerce Platform

摘要: 在互联网大背景下，网购已经成为民众不可或缺的一种生活方式。电商发展势头也逐渐向好，电商在逐利的同时，矛盾也显现出来。一些商家为了打击竞争对手，间接提升自己的利益，采用反向刷单手段来攻击竞争商家的信用评价。一是因为反向刷单隐蔽性和极大社会危害性的特点，二来是电商平台监管不严、主体诚信缺失，还有法律规定模糊，民法、行政法和行业制度对反向刷单的打击并未取得成效，适用刑事手段规制反向刷单行为刻不容缓。学界对反向刷单适用破坏生产经营罪和损害商业信誉、商业声誉罪的争议最大，从实质解释和立法目的出发，再结合时代背景，反向刷单行为适用上述罪名有很大可能。最后从实际出发，结合学者建议，增设新罪名直接保护信用评价机制，或者出台司法解释，同时要加强罚金作用，有效抑制反向刷单现象。

Abstract: Under the background of the Internet, online shopping has become an indispensable way of life for people. The development momentum of e-commerce has gradually improved, and while e-commerce is pursuing profits, contradictions have also emerged. In order to attack competitors, some merchants indirectly enhance their own interests, using reverse brush single means to attack the credit evaluation of competitive merchants. One is because of the hidden nature of reverse brushing and the characteristics of great social harm, the second is the lack of strict supervision of e-commerce platforms, the lack of integrity of the main body, and vague legal provisions, civil law, administrative law and industry system to combat reverse brushing has not achieved results, the application of criminal means to regulate reverse brushing behavior is urgent. The academic circles have the most controversy on the application of reverse brushing to the crime of destroying production and operation and the crime of damaging commercial reputation and commercial reputation. From the substantive interpretation and legislative purpose, combined with the background of The Times, it is very possible to apply the reverse brushing behavior to the above crimes. Finally, from the actual point of view, combined with the suggestions of scholars, the addition of new charges to directly protect the credit evaluation mechanism, or the introduction of judicial interpretation, while strengthening the role of fines, effectively inhibit the phenomenon of reverse brushing.