中国青藏高原地区森林病虫害防治综述

Overview of Forest Pest Control in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau of China

摘要: 青藏高原是全球最具生态脆弱性和气候敏感性的区域之一。随着气候变化和人类活动的影响，青藏高原森林病虫害的发生频率和危害程度呈上升趋势，严重威胁了该地区森林生态系统的稳定与健康。本文综述了青藏高原森林病虫害的现状，包括松毛虫、天牛类和尺蛾类等主要害虫的种类与分布，重点讨论了生物防治、化学防治、物理防治及综合防治策略的应用与效果。气候变化对病虫害的影响是当前防治工作的重大挑战，文章分析了气候变暖对害虫的扩散及防治效果的影响，并提出了未来研究的建议，包括加强监测体系、发展可持续防治技术及强化区域合作。综述旨在为青藏高原的森林保护和病虫害防治提供科学依据。

Abstract: The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is one of the most ecologically vulnerable and climate-sensitive regions globally. With the increasing impacts of climate change and human activities, the frequency and severity of forest pest outbreaks on the plateau have escalated, posing a serious threat to the stability and health of its forest ecosystems. This paper reviews the current status of forest pests on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, including major pests such as pine caterpillars, longhorn beetles, and geometrid moths. The review focuses on the application and effectiveness of biological, chemical, and physical pest control methods, as well as integrated pest management strategies. It also examines the challenges posed by climate change, such as the spread of pests and the diminished efficacy of traditional control measures. Finally, the paper provides future recommendations, including enhancing monitoring systems, developing sustainable control technologies, and strengthening regional cooperation. This review aims to provide a scientific foundation for forest protection and pest management on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.