儿童胆道扩张症研究新进展

Recent Advances in the Study of Pediatric Biliary Dilatation

摘要: 胆总管扩张(Biliary Dilatation, BD)是儿童常见的胆道畸形疾病，约占所有良性胆道疾病的1%。BD在亚洲和女性人群中发病率较高，临床表现主要为腹部包块、腹痛和黄疸。癌变是BD最严重的并发症。影像学检查在BD的诊断中起着重要作用。BD早期诊断和治疗非常重要，因为BD是胆管癌的高危因素。外科手术治疗BD的成功率高，并发症率和死亡率低。BD术后患者因胆管吻合口狭窄和癌变的可能性，需要长期的术后实验室和影像学检查随访。

Abstract: Biliary Dilatation (BD) is a common biliary tract malformation disease in children, accounting for about 1% of all benign biliary diseases. BD has a higher incidence in Asian and female populations, with clinical manifestations mainly including abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Carcinoma is the most serious complication of BD. Imaging examinations play an important role in the diagnosis of BD. Early diagnosis and treatment of BD are crucial because BD is a high-risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma. Surgical treatment for BD has a high success rate, with low complication and mortality rates. Postoperative patients with BD need long-term postoperative laboratory and imaging examinations due to the possibility of biliary anastomotic stenosis and carcinogenesis.