结直肠癌基因检测的研究进展及未来发展趋势的探讨
The Research Progress and Future Development Trend of Colorectal Cancer Gene Detection
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.1541168, PDF,   
作者: 朱元凯：延安大学医学院，陕西 延安；延安大学附属医院胃肠外科，陕西 延安
关键词: 结直肠癌；基因检测；疾病机制；组蛋白；基因芯片；Colorectal Cancer； Gene Detection； Disease Mechanism； Histone Protein； Gene Chip
摘要: 随着医学研究的不断深入，结直肠癌基因检测得了显著进展。本叙述论文针对结直肠癌，尤其是结直肠癌的疾病机制、基因检测、组蛋白和基因芯片等方面的最新研究成果进行梳理。基于结直肠癌患者基因检测的个体化治疗可帮助临床医师获得最佳的治疗效果和最小的不良反应。本文特别关注了结直肠癌基因检测等方面的最新动态，结直肠癌的基因检测项目主要包括KRAS、NRAS、BRAF、MSI (微卫星不稳定性)以及MMR (错配修复)基因检测等。这些检测的主要目的是了解肿瘤的分子特征，以辅助诊断和治疗决策。结直肠癌的治疗方案通常根据患者的病理分期、身体状况以及基因突变情况等因素制定，主要包括手术治疗、化疗、放疗、靶向治疗和免疫治疗等。通过阐述基因检测的最新研究，为结直肠癌的预防以及恢复提供了一定的参考。
Abstract: With the continuous deepening of medical research, colorectal cancer genetic detection has made remarkable progress. This paper reviews the latest research results of colorectal cancer, especially the disease mechanism, gene detection, histone protein and gene chip of colorectal cancer. Individualized treatment based on genetic testing for colorectal cancer patients can help clinicians achieve the best treatment outcomes with minimal adverse effects. This paper pays special attention to the latest developments in colorectal cancer gene testing, including KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, MSI (microsatellite instability) and MMR (mismatch repair) gene testing. The main purpose of these tests is to understand the molecular characteristics of the tumor to aid diagnosis and treatment decisions. The treatment of colorectal cancer is usually based on the patient’s pathological stage, physical condition and gene mutation and other factors, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Through the description of the latest research on genetic detection, it provides a certain reference for the prevention and recovery of colorectal cancer.
文章引用：朱元凯. 结直肠癌基因检测的研究进展及未来发展趋势的探讨[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(4): 2180-2185. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1541168

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