常见护理模式对老年长期卧床患者压疮的研究进展

Research Progress on Common Nursing Models for Pressure Ulcers in Elderly Long-Term Bedridden Patients

摘要: 随着全球老龄化进程的日益加快，由疾病等多种因素引发的长期卧床现象，导致压疮的发病率逐年攀升。压疮作为老年患者在长期卧床期间的常见并发症，亦称褥疮，若未能及时施以有效治疗，局部压疮极易恶化并诱发其他并发症，长期卧床患者的身体活动能力及对皮肤的感觉功能相对减弱，易于发生压疮，这不仅加剧了患者的病痛，在严重情况下，还可能引发大面积的骨骼肌溃烂，最终可能引发严重的全身性感染乃至危及患者生命。本文就传统护理，延续性护理，集束性护理，预见性护理等护理模式对压疮护理进行综述，旨为提高医务工作者对老年长期卧床患者压疮护理的认识，探讨有效的护理模式，以期降低压疮发生率，改善患者的生活质量。

Abstract: With the acceleration of global aging, long-term bedridden caused by diseases and other factors has led to a rise in the incidence of pressure sores year by year. As a common complication of elderly patients during long-term bed rest, pressure sores are also known as pressure sores. If they are not treated effectively in time, local pressure sores can very easily worsen and induce other complications. The physical mobility and sensory function of long-term bedridden patients are relatively weakened, and pressure sores are easy to occur, which aggravates the patient’s disease. Pain, in severe cases, may also cause a large area of skeletal muscle ulcers, which may eventually cause serious systemic infection and even endanger the patient’s life. This article reviews the nursing of pressure sores in terms of traditional nursing, continuous nursing, cluster nursing, foresight nursing and other nursing modes. The purpose is to improve medical workers’ understanding of the pressure sore nursing of elderly long-term bedridden patients and to explore effective nursing models in order to reduce the incidence of pressure sores and improve the quality of life of patients.