MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃复合材料的制备及传感特性研究

Preparation and Sensing Characteristics Study of MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃ Composites

摘要: 近年来，以金属氧化物半导体为原材料制作成的气体传感器拥有体积小、功耗低、性价比高、制造工艺简单和操作简便等优点，被广泛应用于各种气体环境中，其中三氧化钼(MoO₃)作为一种常见的氧化物半导体材料，在气体传感领域有着广泛的应用前景，尤其在环境中有害气体监测、工业生产安全和医疗诊断等领域展现出巨大潜力。然而，纯MoO₃气体传感器因其工作温度高、选择性差以及易受湿度影响等缺点阻碍了其进一步应用。这些阻碍也同样是金属氧化物半导体材料长期以来所面临的挑战因此为了解决这些挑战，同时也为了能够合成出具有优异气体传感特性的材料，本课题进行了以下研究：本文采用简单的水热法，将二维材料MXene成功引入到Ni掺杂的MoO₃纳米带中，制备出了MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃复合材料。此外，还研究了添加不同质量比的MXene (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%)对复合材料传感性能的影响。值得注意的是，MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃复合材料在100 ppm正丁醇浓度下表现出卓越的性能，具有工作温度低(180℃)、响应高(10.21)、选择性优异等特点。此外，这些传感器还表现出优异的抗湿性、可重复性和长期稳定性，其性能可保持40天。最后，对Ni掺杂的MoO₃纳米带和MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃复合材料进行气敏机理的探讨和分析，并阐述Ni掺杂MoO₃和引入二维材料MXene后材料各自对于提高气敏性能所起到的作用。

Abstract: In recent years, gas sensors made of metal oxide semiconductors have been widely used in various gas environments due to their small size, low power consumption, high cost-effectiveness, simple manufacturing process and easy operation, etc. Among them, molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃), as a common oxide semiconductor material, has broad application prospects in the field of gas sensing, especially in the monitoring of environmentally hazardous gases, industrial production safety, and medical diagnostics. However, the drawbacks of pure MoO₃ gas sensors, such as high operating temperature, poor selectivity and susceptibility to humidity, hinder their further application. These obstacles are also the challenges that metal-oxide-semiconductor materials have long faced. Therefore, in order to solve these challenges and to synthesize materials with excellent gas sensing properties, the following research was carried out in this project: MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃ composites were prepared by introducing 2D material MXene into Ni-doped MoO₃ nanobelt using a simple hydrothermal method. In addition, the effects of MXene with different mass ratios (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%) on the sensing properties of the composites were also studied. It is worth noting that MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃ composite exhibits excellent performance at 100 ppm n-butanol concentration, with low operating temperature (180˚C), high response (10.21), and excellent selectivity. In addition, the sensors demonstrate excellent moisture resistance, repeatability and long-term stability, with performance lasting up to 40 days. Finally, the gas-sensitive mechanism of Ni-doped MoO₃ nanobelt and MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x)/Ni-MoO₃ composites was discussed and analyzed, and the effects of Ni-doped MoO₃ and MXene on the gas-sensitive properties were described.