不同汉语水平留学生动词重叠式使用情况与偏误分析

Analysis of the Use and Errors of Verb Reduplication by International Students with Different Levels of Chinese Proficiency

摘要: 动词重叠式是汉语中的一种常见且重要的语法结构，常用于表达轻松、尝试或短暂等语义，对于汉语二语学习者而言是一个难点。本文基于全球汉语中介语语料库，分析了初级、中级和高级汉语学习者在动词重叠式产出过程中使用动词重叠式的频率、类型及偏误特征。研究发现：随着汉语水平的提高，学习者使用动词重叠式的频率逐渐上升；AA式与A一A式使用频率较高，AABB式与A了A式使用较少；初级学习者偏误率最高，误加偏误最为常见。本文结合动词重叠式本身的复杂性、母语负迁移、语境理解不足及学习者心理因素等方面分析偏误成因，提出教学建议，促进留学生对动词重叠结构的掌握。

Abstract: The verb reduplication is a common and important grammatical structure in Chinese, often used to express meanings such as ease, attempts, or brevity, and it poses a challenge for learners of Chinese as a second language. This article analyses the frequency, types, and error characteristics of verb reduplication usage among beginner, intermediate, and advanced Chinese learners based on a global corpus of Chinese interlanguage. The study found that as proficiency in Chinese increases, the frequency of verb reduplication usage gradually rises; the AA and A一A structure is used more frequently, while the AABB and A-了-A structure is used less frequently; beginner learners have the highest error rate, with the most common errors being misuse. This article explores the causes of errors in light of the complexity of verb reduplication itself, negative transfer from the mother tongue, insufficient context comprehension, and psychological factors affecting learners, and offers teaching suggestions to aid international students in mastering the verb reduplication structure.