跨文化交际视角下《三体》中文化负载词的翻译策略

Translation Strategies for Culture-Loaded Words in the Three-Body Problem: An Intercultural Communication Perspective

摘要: 当今世界正面临百年未有之大变局，文学的跨国界传播成为促进文明互鉴的重要桥梁。文化负载词作为民族文化属性的核心载体，其翻译需兼顾文化忠实性与读者接受度双重目标。本文以跨文化交际理论为指导，结合《三体》英译本案例，系统分析科幻文本中文化负载词的翻译策略。研究发现针对历史文化词、科幻专有名词及习语俗语词这三类文化负载词，翻译需动态运用加注法、词性转换法与意译法，通过补充语境信息、调整语言形态及重构文化意象，实现科技逻辑与人文内涵的平衡传播。

Abstract: In a world undergoing unprecedented transformation, the cross-border dissemination of literature has become a vital bridge for fostering mutual understanding among civilizations. As key carriers of cultural identity, culture-loaded words pose unique challenges in translation, requiring a careful balance between cultural fidelity and reader accessibility. Guided by theories of intercultural communication and drawing on examples from the English translation of The Three-Body Problem, this study systematically analyzes translation strategies for culture-loaded terms in science fiction texts. The findings suggest that for three major categories of historical and cultural references, science fiction-specific terminology, and idiomatic expressions, translators must adopt flexible approaches such as annotation, conversion of word classes, and free translation. By supplementing contextual information, adjusting linguistic forms, and reconstructing cultural imagery, these strategies enable an effective balance between scientific logic and humanistic connotation.