从语言服务视角探析字幕翻译——以《老友记》为例

On Subtitle Translation from the Perspective of Language Service—A Case Study of Friends

摘要: 随着全球文化交流的加深和影视作品的跨国传播，影视字幕翻译在语言服务行业中的地位日益突出。然而，字幕翻译在实践过程中仍面临诸多挑战，如文化负载词理解偏差、语境误读、版权纠纷等问题。本文以美剧《老友记》为例，分析字幕翻译中的典型误译与文化适应策略，并探讨当前高校翻译教育中存在的课程设置单一、师资力量薄弱、教学内容滞后等现实问题。同时，本文从课程多元化、师资多样化、职业路径拓展及法律机制建设等角度提出应对之策，旨在为我国影视翻译的发展提供可行路径，为语言服务行业的专业化建设提供理论支持与实践启示。

Abstract: With the deepening of global cultural exchange and the international circulation of film and television works, subtitle translation has become increasingly important in the language service industry. However, it still faces multiple challenges in practice, such as misinterpretation of culturally loaded words, contextual misunderstandings, and copyright dilemmas. Using the American TV series “Friends” as a case study, this paper analyzes typical mistranslations and cultural adaptation strategies in subtitle translation. It also discusses the current problems in translation education, such as a homogeneous curriculum, insufficient faculty resources, and outdated teaching content. To address these issues, this study proposes feasible solutions from the perspectives of curriculum diversification, faculty development, career path expansion, and legal institutional construction. The aim is to offer practical suggestions for the development of audiovisual translation in China and contribute to the professionalization of the language service industry.