2013~2023年上海市普陀区水痘减毒活疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Analysis of Adverse Events Following Immunization Surveillance of Varicella Attenuated Live Vaccine in Putuo District, Shanghai from 2013~2023

摘要: 目的：分析上海市普陀区水痘减毒活疫苗(varicella attenuated live vaccine, VarV)疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization, AEFI)发生特征。方法：通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2013~2023年上海市普陀区VarV AEFI个案，描述性分析其报告发生率及分布特征。结果：2013~2023年上海市普陀区共报告VarV AEFI个案376例，年均报告发生率为198.35/10万剂次，其中一般反应、异常反应、心因性反应分别为97.07% (365例)、2.39% (9例)和0.27% (1例)，报告发生率分别为192.55/10万剂次、4.75/10万剂次、0.53/10万剂次。病例中男女比为1.27:1，1~2岁共257例(占68.35%)。白玉和桃浦二两家社区卫生服务中心没有报告VarV AEFI，宜川社区卫生服务中心报告了84例，占比22.34%。9例异常反应的临床诊断中，年均报告发生率最高的是过敏性皮疹7例(3.69/10万剂次)。结论：上海市普陀区2013~2023年VarV AEFI报告发生率较低，疫苗安全性良好，各社区应该重点关注过敏性反应的发生情况。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) suspected to occur with varicella attenuated live vaccine (VarV) in Putuo District, Shanghai. Method: The Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System was used to collect cases of VarV AEFI in Putuo District, Shanghai from 2013 to 2023, and descriptive analysis was conducted on their reported incidence and distribution characteristics. Result: A total of 376 cases of VarV AEFI were reported in Putuo District, Shanghai from 2013 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 198.35/100,000 doses. Among them, general reactions, abnormal reactions, and psychogenic reactions accounted for 97.07% (365 cases), 2.39% (9 cases), and 0.27% (1 case), respectively. The reported incidence rates were 192.55/100,000 doses, 4.75/100,000 doses, and 0.53/100,000 doses, respectively. The male to female ratio in the cases is 1.27:1, with a total of 257 cases (68.35%) aged 1~2 years old. The two community health service centers in Baiyu and Taopu did not report VarV AEFI, while the Yichuan community health service center reported 84 cases, accounting for 22.34%. Among the 9 clinical diagnoses of abnormal reactions, the highest annual reported incidence was 7 cases of allergic rash (3.69/100,000 doses). Conclusion: The incidence of VarV AEFI reported in Putuo District, Shanghai from 2013 to 2023 is relatively low, and the vaccine safety is good. Communities should pay close attention to the occurrence of allergic reactions.