老龄化影响下寒冷对心血管疾病的影响研究
The Impact of Cold on Cardiovascular Diseases under the Influence of Aging
摘要: 随着全球人口老龄化进程加速,心血管疾病已成为老年人群的主要健康威胁。寒冷环境作为重要的外部应激源,通过血管收缩、交感神经激活等机制加剧心血管负担。而老龄化伴随的血管弹性下降、体温调节能力衰退及慢性炎症状态,显著放大了寒冷对心血管系统的负面效应。本综述系统分析寒冷暴露与老龄化对心血管系统的交互作用机制,揭示低温环境下老年人群心血管疾病高发病率的病理生理机制;总结寒潮期间老年心血管事件的流行病学特征与高风险人群;并提出涵盖个体行为干预、医疗管理与社会支持的综合防控策略。通过整合最新研究成果,旨在为降低老年人群寒冷相关心血管风险提供理论依据和实践指导。
Abstract: With the accelerating global aging population, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have emerged as a primary health threat to older adults. Cold environments, as significant external stressors, exacerbate cardiovascular burden through mechanisms including vasoconstriction and sympathetic activation. Age-related declines in vascular elasticity, impaired thermoregulation, and chronic inflammation synergistically amplifies the adverse effects of cold exposure on the cardiovascular system. This review systematically analyzes the interaction mechanisms between cold exposure and aging in the cardiovascular system, elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the high incidence of CVD among older adults in low-temperature environments. It summarizes epidemiological characteristics and high-risk populations during cold waves and proposes integrated prevention strategies encompassing individual behavioral interventions, medical management, and social support systems. By synthesizing the latest research, this review aims to provide theoretical foundations and practical guidance for reducing cold-related cardiovascular risks in the elderly.
文章引用:沈帅康. 老龄化影响下寒冷对心血管疾病的影响研究[J]. 老龄化研究, 2025, 12(8): 791-798. https://doi.org/10.12677/ar.2025.128107

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