SMILE手术中不同角膜帽厚度的相关研究

A Study on the Relationship between Different Thicknesses of Corneal Capsules during SMILE Surgery

摘要: 近年来，全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction, SMILE)已逐步发展成为矫正屈光不正的主要手术方式。该技术作为一种新型屈光手术在全球范围内获得了广泛应用，显著改善了近视与散光患者的裸眼视力。在SMILE手术相关因素中，角膜帽厚度是影响手术效果的关键指标，与术后角膜的透明度和术后的视觉质量密切相关。现有研究指出，角膜帽厚度的改变可能导致角膜神经结构重塑、生物力学参数波动、角膜前后表面形态的变化，甚至影响角膜内皮细胞功能状态。然而，不同厚度角膜帽对上述方面的具体作用机制，目前尚未完全明确，亟待深入研究。通过全面系统地回顾相关文献，有利于为临床实践提供有价值的理论依据，优化SMILE手术方案设计，最终提升患者术后治疗效果与生活质量。

Abstract: In recent years, small incision lenticule extraction, SMILE has gradually developed into a main-stream surgical procedure for correcting refractive error, and as an emerging refractive surgical method, it has been widely used around the world, bringing good naked-eye vision to myopic and astigmatic patients. With the continuous development of refractive surgery technology, SMILE surgery has gradually gained attention due to its advantages of minimally invasive and fast recovery. However, corneal cap thickness, as an important factor affecting surgical results, is closely related to postoperative corneal transparency and postoperative visual quality. Existing studies have shown that changes in the thickness of the corneal cap may result in the remodeling of corneal nerves, alterations in corneal biomechanical parameters, changes in the anterior and posterior surface morphology of the cornea, and the state of corneal endothelial cells being affected. The specific mechanisms of the different thicknesses of the corneal cap in these aspects still need to be explored in depth. By systematically reviewing the relevant literature, we hope to provide a valuable theoretical basis for clinical practice in order to optimize SMILE surgical protocols and improve patients’ postoperative outcomes and quality of life.