铜基催化剂在电催化析氢中的研究进展
Progress of Copper-Based Catalysts in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Precipitation
摘要: 在全球能源结构转型背景下，化石燃料的过度消耗导致温室气体排放激增与环境污染加剧，而传统贵金属催化剂(如Pt基材料)受限于高昂成本与资源稀缺性，难以满足规模化电解水制氢需求。鉴于此，研发兼具高催化活性与长循环稳定性的非贵金属基催化剂，已成为突破电解水析氢反应(HER)技术瓶颈的核心方向。Cu基催化剂因其天然丰度高、导电性优异及电子结构可调性强等优势，展现出替代贵金属催化剂的巨大潜力。本文系统梳理近年来铜基电催化剂在HER领域的研究进展，重点解析其纳米结构设计、合金化改性及界面工程等关键策略对催化性能的调控机制，并探讨规模化应用面临的挑战。该研究不仅为降低电解水制氢能耗提供理论支撑，更为构建清洁低碳能源体系与加速实现“双碳”战略目标提供双重技术路径。
Abstract: In the context of the global energy transition, the overconsumption of fossil fuels has led to a surge in greenhouse gas emissions and increased environmental pollution, while traditional noble metal catalysts (e.g., Pt-based materials) are difficult to meet the demand for large-scale hydrogen electrolysis (HER) due to their high cost and scarcity of resources. In view of this, the development of non-precious metal-based catalysts with high catalytic activity and long cycle stability has become a core direction to break the bottleneck of hydrogen electrolysis reaction (HER), and Cu-based catalysts have shown great potential for replacing precious metal catalysts due to their high natural abundance, excellent electrical conductivity, and tunable electronic structure, etc. In this paper, we systematically review the recent development of Cu-based catalysts for HER. In this paper, we systematically review the research progress of Cu-based electrocatalysts in the field of HER in recent years, focusing on the regulation mechanism of catalytic performance by key strategies such as nanostructural design, alloying modification and interfacial engineering, as well as discussing the challenges of large-scale application. This study not only provides theoretical support for reducing the energy consumption of hydrogen production from electrolytic water, but also provides a dual technology path for building a clean and low-carbon energy system and accelerating the realisation of the “dual-carbon” strategic goal.
文章引用：郭妍, 李海双, 王丽丽, 马青华, 赵丽. 铜基催化剂在电催化析氢中的研究进展[J]. 物理化学进展, 2025, 14(3): 552-559. https://doi.org/10.12677/japc.2025.143052

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