文化认知语言学视角下英汉“羊”隐喻研究
A Study on “Sheep/Goat (羊)” Metaphor in English and Chinese from the Perspective of Cultural Cognitive Linguistics
摘要: 本文从文化认知语言学的视角出发，探讨英语与汉语中“sheep/goat (羊)”所承载的丰富隐喻意义，以及影响这些隐喻生成的认知与文化因素。研究进一步揭示英汉语中“羊”意象的文化认知理据，并对其进行对比分析。为此，文章以三个概念隐喻——“人是羊”“具体事物是羊”“抽象事物是羊”为分类标准，系统整理英汉中与“sheep/goat (羊)”相关的习语表达，并阐释“sheep/goat (羊)”在两种文化中的认知内涵。研究表明，“sheep/goat (羊)”的隐喻概念化深受文化差异的影响，信仰、规范、社会实践与价值观等文化因素对语言表达具有重要作用，从而生成一系列独特的隐喻意义。本文通过系统归类与分析英汉“sheep/goat (羊)”隐喻表达，揭示其文化认知理据的异同，展示文化因素对语言表达的深刻影响。研究成果有助于深入理解英汉文化在隐喻表达中的独特性，为跨文化交际、语言教育与翻译实践提供理论支持与参考。
Abstract: This paper explores the abundant metaphorical meanings of “sheep/goat (羊)” in English and Chinese from the perspective of Cultural Cognitive Linguistics, as well as the cognitive and cultural factors that influence these metaphorical meanings. It also explores the cultural cognitive basis of “sheep/goat (羊)” in English and Chinese and then makes a comparison. To this end, this paper systematically classifies the idiomatic expressions involving “sheep/goat (羊)” in English and Chinese based on the three conceptual metaphors: “A HUMAN BEING IS A SHEEP/GOAT”, “A CONCRETE ENTITY IS A SHEEP/GOAT”, and “AN ABSTRACT OBJECT IS A SHEEP/GOAT”. Then, this paper expounds on the cognitive concepts of “sheep/goat (羊)” in different cultures. The results of this study show that the metaphorical conceptualizations of “sheep/goat (羊)” are deeply influenced by different cultures. Various cognitive and cultural factors (beliefs, norms, rules, social practice, values, etc.) have a profound impact on the linguistic expressions of processing “sheep/goat (羊)”, thus producing a series of unique metaphorical meanings. This paper systematically classifies and analyzes the metaphorical expressions of “sheep/goat (羊)” in English and Chinese, reveals the differences and commonalities between the two cultural cognitive bases, and illustrates the influence of cultural factors on linguistic expressions. The research results will be helpful to understand the uniqueness of English and Chinese culture in metaphorical expressions, provide theoretical support for cross-cultural communication and understanding, and also provide references for language education and translation practice.
文章引用：刘琦. 文化认知语言学视角下英汉“羊”隐喻研究[J]. 现代语言学, 2025, 13(9): 173-183. https://doi.org/10.12677/ml.2025.139964

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