无法容忍不确定性与强迫症状的关系研究：正念的调节作用

The Relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms and the Moderating Role of Mindfulness

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨无法容忍不确定性与强迫症状维度之间的关系及其预测作用，并考察正念水平的调节效应。研究采用横断面设计，通过线上及线下采用电子问卷形式招募了340名符合强迫症状标准的个体，运用简版无法容忍不确定性量表、多维强迫量表以及五因素正念量表简版这三项经典心理测量工具，对被试的无法容忍不确定性感知、强迫症状表现及正念水平进行了施测。初步分析结果表明，无法容忍不确定性容忍总分与强迫症状总评分之间呈现显著正相关(r = 0.471, p < 0.01)，无法容忍不确定性与四个强迫症状维度(污染、责任/检查、不可接受的想法、对称/不完整性)均呈显著正相关(所有p < 0.01)。无法容忍不确定性中的抑制性焦虑维度与强迫症状所有维度呈中等强度正相关，尤其与“不可接受的想法”维度的相关性最强(r = 0.545, p < 0.01)。此外，回归分析进一步表明，无法容忍不确定性显著预测强迫症状(β = 0.464, p < 0.01)，而正念水平对这一关系起到了显著的负向调节作用(β = −0.128, p < 0.01)。交互分析结果显示，正念在无法容忍不确定性与强迫症状之间具有显著的调节效应(β = −0.248, p < 0.01)，即随着正念水平的提高，无法容忍不确定性对强迫症状的预测作用逐渐减弱。本研究发现无法容忍不确定性显著预测强迫症状。正念水平在无法容忍不确定性与强迫症状之间起到显著的调节作用，能够有效缓解个体的无法容忍不确定性从而改善强迫症状。因此，提升无法容忍不确定性及正念水平被认为是缓解强迫症状的重要策略之一。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) symptom dimensions, as well as its predictive role, while examining the moderating effect of mindfulness. A cross-sectional design was used, and 340 individuals who met the OCD symptom criteria were recruited via the online platform Questionnaire Star and offline surveys. The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12), Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS), and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-15 (FFMQ-15) were employed to assess participants’ intolerance of uncertainty, OCD symptoms, and mindfulness levels. Preliminary analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between the total score of intolerance of uncertainty and the total score of OCD symptoms (r = 0.471, p < 0.01). Intolerance of uncertainty was also significantly positively correlated with the four OCD symptom dimensions (contamination, responsibility/checking, unacceptable thoughts, symmetry/incompleteness) (all p < 0.01). The dimension of inhibitory anxiety (Inhibitory Intolerance of Uncertainty) in intolerance of uncertainty showed moderate positive correlations with all OCD symptom dimensions, especially with the “unacceptable thoughts” dimension (r = 0.545, p < 0.01). Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that intolerance of uncertainty significantly predicted OCD symptoms (β = 0.464, p < 0.01), while mindfulness levels had a significant negative moderating effect on this relationship (β = −0.128, p < 0.01). Interaction analysis showed that mindfulness significantly moderated the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and OCD symptoms (β = −0.248, p < 0.01). Specifically, as mindfulness levels increased, the predictive effect of intolerance of uncertainty on OCD symptoms gradually weakened. The findings suggest that intolerance of uncertainty significantly predicts OCD symptoms, and mindfulness plays a significant moderating role in this relationship, effectively alleviating OCD symptoms in individuals with lower intolerance of uncertainty. Therefore, enhancing both intolerance of uncertainty and mindfulness levels is considered one of the key strategies for alleviating OCD symptoms.