马克思异化理论下数字经济的治理挑战

Governance Challenges of the Digital Economy under Marx’s Alienation Theory

摘要: 马克思的异化理论在数字时代呈现出新的表现形式。劳动产品的异化体现为数字产品与劳动者控制权的分离，劳动过程的异化表现为平台经济对工作流程的算法化支配，类本质的异化演化为数据对人的行为与身份的规训，人际关系的异化则因虚拟交互而加剧疏离。在数字经济中，异化现象渗透于生产、消费和分配领域，表现为算法控制、符号化消费及数字鸿沟的扩大。针对这些问题，治理路径需从主体性重建、生产关系调适和治理体系创新三方面展开辩证思考，以实现技术与人性的协调发展。

Abstract: Marx’s theory of alienation presents new forms of expression in the digital age. The alienation of the product of labor is reflected in the of digital products from the control of laborers, the alienation of the process of labor is reflected in the algorithmic domination of work processes by the platform economy, the alien of the general essence is evolved into the discipline of data on people’s behavior and identity, and the alienation of interpersonal relationships is intensified by virtual interaction, leading further alienation. In the digital economy, the phenomenon of alienation permeates the fields of production, consumption, and distribution, as algorithmic control, symbolic consumption, and the widening of the digital divide. In view of these problems, the governance path needs to be dialectically considered from three aspects: the reconstruction of subjectivity, the adjustment of production relations and the innovation of the governance system, in order to achieve a coordinated development of technology and humanity.