衢州市衢江区森林、草地、湿地生态系统外来入侵物种普查与风险评估

Census and Risk Assessment of Alien Invasive Species in Forest, Grassland and Wetland Ecosystems of Qujiang District, Quzhou City

摘要: 目的：系统掌握衢江区森林、草地、湿地生态系统中外来入侵物种的种类、分布、危害程度及风险等级，为区域生态安全管理提供科学依据。方法：依据《全国森林、草原、湿地生态系统外来入侵物种普查技术规程》开展实地踏查、样地调查、样方调查与标本采集，结合遥感数据与历史资料，对浙江省重点外来入侵物种进行普查，并依据《森林、草地、湿地生态系统外来入侵物种风险评估指标体系》开展风险评估。结果：共记录外来入侵物种13种，其中植物10种、脊椎动物1种、无脊椎动物1种、植物病原微生物1种，累计发生面积30991.23亩。松材线虫、福寿螺和加拿大一枝黄花为区域重点高危物种，风险等级分别为一级和二级。结论：衢江区外来入侵物种呈现扩散趋势，需加强早期监测、风险评估与综合治理，建立跨区域协同管理机制。

Abstract: Objective: To systematically identify the species, distribution, damage levels, and risk grades of alien invasive species in forest, grassland, and wetland ecosystems in Qujiang District, providing a scientific basis for regional ecological security management. Method: Following the Technical Regulations for the National Census of Alien Invasive Species in Forest, Grassland and Wetland Ecosystems, we conducted field reconnaissance, sample-plot and quadrat surveys, and specimen collection, integrated remote-sensing data with historical records to census the priority alien invasive species in Zhejiang Province, and performed risk assessments according to the Risk Assessment Indicator System for Alien Invasive Species in Forest, Grassland and Wetland Ecosystems. Result: A total of 13 alien invasive species were recorded, including 10 plant species, 1 vertebrate, 1 invertebrate, and 1 plant pathogenic microorganism, with a cumulative affected area of 30991.23 mu. Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer), Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck and Solidago canadensis L. were identified as high-risk species in the region, with risk levels classified as Grade I and Grade II. Conclusion: Alien invasive species in Qujiang District show a trend of spread. Enhanced early monitoring, risk assessment, and integrated management are urgently needed, along with the establishment of a cross-regional collaborative management mechanism.