[1]
|
Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G.; Pritchett, L.C., Pierson, W.R., Frazier, C.A. and Purcell, R.G. (1993) The dri thermal optical reflectance carbon analysis system—Description, evaluation and applications in United-States air-quality studies. Atmospheric Environment. Part A. General Topics, 27, 1185-1201.
|
[2]
|
Chow, J.C., Watson, J.G., Crow, D., Lowenthal, D.H. and Merrifield, T. (2001) Comparison of IMPROVE and NIOSH carbon measurements. Aerosol Science and Technology, 34, 23-34.
|
[3]
|
北镇 (2004) 中国室内环境污染危害严重. 世界环境, 5, 30-45.
|
[4]
|
Kierkegaard, A., Bignert, A., Sellstrom, U., Olsson, M., Asplund, L., Jansson, B. and de Wit, C.A. (2004) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their methoxylated derivatives in pike from Swedish waters with emphasis on temporal trends, 1967-2000. Environmental Pollution, 130, 187-198.
|
[5]
|
Kuriyama, S.N., Wanner, A., Fidalgo-Neto, A.A., Talsness, C.E., Koerner, W. and Chahoud, I. (2007) Developmental exposure to low-dose PBDE-99: Tissue distribution and thyroid hormone levels. Toxicology, 242, 80-90.
|
[6]
|
Herbstman, J.B., Sjodin, A., Kurzon, M., Lederman, S.A., Jones, R.S., Rauh, V., Needham, L.L., Tang, D., Niedzwiecki, M., Wang, R.Y. and Perera, F. (2010) Prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neurodevelopment. Environmental Health Perspectives, 118, 712-719.
|
[7]
|
Pijnenburg, A., Everts, J., De Boer, J. and Boon, J. (1995) Polybrominated biphenyl and diphenylether flame retardants: Analysis, toxicity, and environmental occurrence. In: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Springer, Berlin, 1-26.
|
[8]
|
Mandalakis, M., Stephanou, E.G., Horii, Y. and Kannan, K. (2008) Emerging contaminants in car interiors: Evaluating the impact of airborne PBDEs and PBDD/Fs. Environmental Science & Technology, 42, 6431-6436.
|
[9]
|
Sjodin, A., Patterson, D.G. and Bergman, A. (2003) A review on human exposure to brominated flame retardants— Particularly polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Environment International, 29, 829-839.
|
[10]
|
Huang, Y., Chen, L., Peng, X., Xu, Z. and Ye, Z. (2010) PBDEs in indoor dust in South-Central China: Characteristics and implications. Chemosphere, 78, 169-174.
|
[11]
|
Butt, C.M., Diamond, M.L., Truong, J., Ikonomou, M.G. and Ter Schure, A.F.H. (2004) Spatial distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in southern Ontario as measured in indoor and outdoor window organic films. Environmental Science & Technology, 38, 724-731.
|
[12]
|
Harrad, S., Wijesekera, R., Hunter, S., Halliwell, C. and Baker, R. (2004) Preliminary assessment of UK human dietary and inhalation exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Environmental Science & Technology, 38, 2345-2350.
|
[13]
|
Bjorklund, J.A., Thuresson, K., Cousins, A.P., Sellstrom, U., Emenius, G. and de Wit, C.A. (2012) Indoor air is a significant source of tri-decabrominated diphenyl ethers to outdoor air via ventilation systems. Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 5876-5884.
|
[14]
|
Jones-Otazo, H.A., Clarke, J.P., Diamond, M.L., Archbold, J.A., Ferguson, G., Harner, T., Richardson, G.M., Ryan, J.J. and Wilford, B. (2005) Is house dust the missing exposure pathway for PBDEs? An analysis of the urban fate and human exposure to PBDEs. Environmental Science & Technology, 39, 5121-5130.
|
[15]
|
陈来国 (2009) 广州市大气环境中多溴联苯醚PBDEs和多氯联苯PCBs的初步研究. 博士论文, 中国科学院研究生院(广州地球化学研究所), 广州.
|
[16]
|
Allen, J.G., McClean, M.D., Stapleton, H.M., Nelson, J.W. and Webster, T.F. (2007) Personal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in residential indoor air. Environmental Science & Technology, 41, 4574-4579.
|
[17]
|
Rose, M., Bennett, D.H., Bergman, Å., Fängström, B., Pessah, I.N. and Hertz-Picciotto, I. (2010) PBDEs in 2 5 year-old children from California and associations with diet and indoor environment. Environmental Science & Technology, 44, 2648-2653.
|
[18]
|
Hale, R.C., La Guardia, M.J., Harvey, E., Gaylor, M.O. and Mainor, T.M. (2006) Brominated flame retardant concentrations and trends in abiotic media. Chemosphere, 64, 181-186.
|
[19]
|
Takasuga, T., Senthilkumar, K., Matsumura, T., Shiozaki, K. and Sakai, S.-I. (2006) Isotope dilution analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in transformer oil and global commercial PCB formulations by high resolution gas chromatography—High resolution mass spectrometry. Chemosphere, 62, 469-484.
|
[20]
|
Herrick, R.F., McClean, M.D., Meeker, J.D., Baxter, L.K. and Weymouth, G.A. (2004) An unrecognized source of PCB contamination in schools and other buildings. Environmental Health Perspectives, 112, 1051-1053.
|
[21]
|
Kohler, M., Tremp, J., Zennegg, M., Seiler, C., Minder-Kohler, S., Beck, M., Lienemann, P., Wegmann, L. and Schmidt, P. (2005) Joint sealants: An overlooked diffuse source of polychlorinated biphenyls in buildings. Environmental Science & Technology, 39, 1967-1973.
|
[22]
|
Kohler, M., Zennegg, M. and Waeber, R. (2002) Coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in indoor air. Environmental Science & Technology, 36, 4735-4740.
|
[23]
|
张志, 李一凡, 任南琪 (2007) 室内空气中PCBs污染状况研究. 持久性有机污染物论坛2007暨第二届持久性有机污染物全国学术研讨会论文集.
|
[24]
|
刘洋, 翼秀玲, 马静 (2011) 上海市典型家庭室内空气中PCBs与PBDEs初步研究. 环境科学研究, 5, 482-488.
|
[25]
|
Rudel, R.A. and Perovich, L.J. (2009) Endocrine disrupting chemicals in indoor and outdoor air. Atmospheric Environment, 43, 170-181.
|
[26]
|
任南琪, 李一凡 (2011) 我国得克隆(dechlorane plus)的研究进展. 2011中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集(第四卷).
|
[27]
|
Ren, G.F., Yu, Z.Q., Ma, S.T., Li, H.R., Peng, P.G., Sheng, G.Y. and Fu, J.M. (2009) Determination of dechlorane plus in serum from electronics dismantling workers in South China. Environmental Science & Technology, 43, 9453-9457.
|
[28]
|
Zhu, J., Feng, Y.L. and Shoeib, M. (2007) Detection of dechlorane plus in residential indoor dust in the city of Ottawa, Canada. Environmental Science & Technology, 41, 7694-7698.
|
[29]
|
Levin, J.O., Andersson, K., Lindahl, R. and Nilsson, C.A. (1985) Determination of sub-part-per-million levels of formaldehyde in air using active or passive sampling on 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-coated glass fiber filters and highperformance liquid chromatography. Analytical Chemistry, 57, 1032-1035.
|
[30]
|
Wilford, B.H., Harner, T., Zhu, J., Shoeib, M. and Jones, K.C. (2004) Passive sampling survey of polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in indoor and outdoor air in Ottawa, Canada: Implications for sources and exposure. Environmental Science & Technology, 38, 5312-5318.
|
[31]
|
Harrad, S., Hazrati, S. and Ibarra, C. (2006) Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in indoor air and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor air and dust in Birmingham, United Kingdom: Implications for human exposure. Environmental Science & Technology, 40, 4633-4638.
|
[32]
|
Ren, N.Q., Sverko, E., Li, Y.F., Zhang, Z., Harner, T., Wang, D.G., Wan, X.N. and McCarry, B.E. (2008) Levels and isomer profiles of dechlorane plus in Chinese air. Environmental Science & Technology, 42, 6476-6480.
|
[33]
|
Colt, J.S., Zahm, S.H., Camann, D.E. and Hartge, P. (1998) Comparison of pesticides and other compounds in carpet dust samples collected from used vacuum cleaner bags and from a high-volume surface sampler. Environmental Health Perspectives, 106, 721-724.
|
[34]
|
Simcox, N.J., Fenske, R.A., Wolz, S.A., Lee, I.C. and Kalman, D.A. (1995) Pesticides in household dust and soil: Exposure pathways for children of agricultural families. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103, 1126-1134.
|
[35]
|
Zhu, J., Feng, Y.-L. and Shoeib, M. (2007) Detection of dechlorane plus in residential indoor dust in the city of Ottawa, Canada. Environmental Science & Technology, 41, 7694-7698.
|
[36]
|
Rudel, R.A., Camann, D.E., Spengler, J.D., Korn, L.R. and Brody, J.G. (2003) Phthalates, alkylphenols, pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and other endocrine-disrupting compounds in indoor air and dust. Environmental Science & Technology, 37, 4543-4553.
|
[37]
|
Fromme, H., Körner, W., Shahin, N., Wanner, A., Albrecht, M., Boehmer, S., Parlar, H., Mayer, R., Liebl, B. and Bolte, G. (2009) Human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), as evidenced by data from a duplicate diet study, indoor air, house dust, and biomonitoring in Germany. Environment International, 35, 1125-1135.
|
[38]
|
于恩平 (1994) 用超临界流体萃取方法处理多氯联苯污染物. 北京化工学院学报, 21, 11-19.
|
[39]
|
Langenfeld, J.J., Hawthorne, S.B., Miller, D.J. and Pawliszyn, J. (1993) Effects of temperature and pressure on supercritical fluid extraction efficiencies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls. Analytical Chemistry, 65, 338-344.
|
[40]
|
Alothman, Z.A., Khan, M.R., Wabaidur, S.M. and Siddiqui, M.R. (2012) Persistent organic pollutants: Overview of their extraction and estimation. Sensor Letters, 10, 698-704.
|
[41]
|
董亮, 张秀蓝, 史双昕, 许鹏军, 周丽, 杨文龙, 张利飞, 张烃, 黄业茹 (2013) 新型持久性有机污染物分析方法研究进展. 中国科学: 化学, 3, 010.
|
[42]
|
Guvenius, D.M., Aronsson, A., Ekman-Ordeberg, G., Bergman, A. and Norén, K. (2003) Human prenatal and postnatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorobiphenylols, and pentachlorophenol. Environmental Health Perspectives, 111, 1235.
|
[43]
|
Sverko, E., Tomy, G.T., Reiner, E.J., Li, Y.F., McCarry, B.E., Arnot, J.A., Law, R.J. and Hites, R.A. (2011) Dechlorane plus and related compounds in the environment: A review. Environmental Science & Technology, 45, 5088-5098.
|
[44]
|
Stapleton, H.M. (2006) Instrumental methods and challenges in quantifying polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental extracts: A review. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 386, 807-817.
|
[45]
|
Bjorklund, J., Tollback, P., Hiarne, C., Dyremark, E. and Ostman, C. (2004) Influence of the injection technique and the column system on gas chromatographic determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Journal of Chromatography A, 1041, 201-210.
|
[46]
|
Covaci, A., Voorspoels, S. and de Boer, J. (2003) Determination of brominated flame retardants, with emphasis on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in environmental and human samples—A review. Environment International, 29, 735-756.
|
[47]
|
Allen, J.G., McClean, M.D., Stapleton, H.M. and Webstert, T.F. (2008) Linking PBDEs in house dust to consumer products using X-ray fluorescence. Environmental Science & Technology, 42, 4222-4228.
|
[48]
|
Imm, P., Knobeloch, L., Buelow, C. and Anderson, H.A. (2009) Household exposures to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in a Wisconsin cohort. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117, 1890-1895.
|
[49]
|
Wilford, B.H., Shoeib, M., Harner, T., Zhu, J. and Jones, K.C. (2005) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor dust in Ottawa, Canada: Implications for sources and exposure. Environmental Science & Technology, 39, 7027-7035.
|
[50]
|
Bohlin, P., Jones, K.C., Tovalin, H. and Strandberg, B. (2008) Observations on persistent organic pollutants in indoor and outdoor air using passive polyurethane foam samplers. Atmospheric Environment, 42, 7234-7241.
|
[51]
|
Sjodin, A., Carlsson, H., Thuresson, K., Sjolin, S., Bergman, A. and Ostman, C. (2001) Flame retardants in indoor air at an electronics recycling plant and at other work environments. Environmental Science & Technology, 35, 448-454.
|
[52]
|
Toms, L.M.L., Bartkow, M.E., Symons, R., Paepke, O. and Mueller, J.F. (2009) Assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in samples collected from indoor environments in South East Queensland, Australia. Chemosphere, 76, 173-178.
|
[53]
|
Besis, A. and Samara, C. (2012) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the indoor and outdoor environments—A review on occurrence and human exposure. Environmental Pollution, 169, 217-229.
|
[54]
|
黄玉妹, 陈来国, 许振成, 彭晓春, 曾敏, 叶芝祥 (2009) 室内尘土中PBDEs的含量, 分布, 来源和人体暴露水平. 中国环境科学学会 2009年学术年会论文集(第四卷).
|
[55]
|
张娴, 高亚杰, 颜昌宙 (2009) 多溴联苯醚在环境中迁移转化的研究进展. 生态环境学报, 2, 761-770.
|
[56]
|
Zhang, X., Diamond, M.L., Robson, M. and Harrad, S. (2011) Sources, emissions, and fate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls indoors in Toronto, Canada. Environmental Science & Technology, 45, 32683274.
|
[57]
|
Fitzgerald, E.F., Shrestha, S., Palmer, P.M., Wilson, L.R., Belanger, E.E., Gomez, M.I., Cayo, M.R. and Hwang, S.A. (2011) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in indoor air and in serum among older residents of upper Hudson River communities. Chemosphere, 85, 225-231.
|
[58]
|
Pentamwa, P. and Oanh, N.T.K. (2008) Levels of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in selected homes in the Bangkok metropolitan region, Thailand. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1140, 91-112.
|
[59]
|
Wilson, N.K., Chuang, J.C. and Lyu, C. (2001) Levels of persistent organic pollutants in several child day care centers. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 11, 449-458.
|
[60]
|
Frederiksen, M., Meyer, H.W., Ebbehøj, N.E. and Gunnarsen, L. (2012) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in indoor air originating from sealants in contaminated and uncontaminated apartments within the same housing estate. Chemosphere, 89, 473-479.
|
[61]
|
Menichini, E., Lacovella, N., Monfredini, F. and Turrio-Baldassarri, L. (2007) Relationships between indoor and outdoor air pollution by carcinogenic PAHs and PCBs. Atmospheric Environment, 41, 9518-9529.
|
[62]
|
Cupr, P., Skarek, M., Bartos, T., Ciganek, M. and Holoubek, I. (2005) Assessment of human health risk due to inhalation exposure in cattle and pig farms in south Moravia. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 74, 305-312.
|
[63]
|
Takigami, H., Suzuki, G., Hirai, Y. and Sakai, S. (2009) Brominated flame retardants and other polyhalogenated compounds in indoor air and dust from two houses in Japan. Chemosphere, 76, 270-277.
|
[64]
|
Hwang, H.M., Park, E.K., Young, T.M. and Hammock, B.D. (2008) Occurrence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in indoor dust. Science of the Total Environment, 404, 26-35.
|
[65]
|
Vorhees, D.J., Cullen, A.C. and Altshul, L.M. (1999) Polychlorinated biphenyls in house dust and yard soil near a Superfund site. Environmental Science & Technology, 33, 2151-2156.
|
[66]
|
Roosens, L., Abdallah, M.A.-E., Harrad, S., Neels, H. and Covaci, A. (2009) Current exposure to persistent polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p’-DDE) of Belgian students from food and dust. Environmental Science & Technology, 44, 2870-2875.
|
[67]
|
Andersson, M., Ottesen, R. and Volden, T. (2004) Building materials as a source of PCB pollution in Bergen, Norway. Science of the Total Environment, 325, 139-144.
|
[68]
|
Colt, J.S., Severson, R.K., Lubin, J., Rothman, N., Camann, D., Davis, S., Cerhan, J.R., Cozen, W. and Hartge, P. (2005) Organochlorines in carpet dust and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Epidemiology, 16, 516-525.
|
[69]
|
Ali, N., Eede, V.d., Neels, H. and Covaci, A. (2012) Country specific comparison for profile of chlorinated, brominated and phosphate organic contaminants in indoor dust. Case study for Eastern Romania, 2010. Environmental International, 49, 1-8.
|
[70]
|
Abb, M., Breuer, J.V., Zeitz, C. and Lorenz, W. (2010) Analysis of pesticides and PCBs in waste wood and house dust. Chemosphere, 81, 488-493.
|
[71]
|
李琛, 余应新, 张东平, 冯加良, 吴明红, 盛国英, 傅家谟 (2010) 上海室内外灰尘中多氯联苯及其人体暴露评估. 中国环境科学, 4, 433-441.
|
[72]
|
Fabrellas, B., Martinez, A., Ramos, B., Ruiz, M.L., Navarro, I. and de la Torre, A. (2005) Results of an European survey based on pbdes analysis in household dust. Organohalogen Compound, 67, 452-454.
|
[73]
|
Harrad, S., Ibarra, C., Diamond, M., Melymuk, L., Robson, M., Douwes, J., Roosens, L., Dirtu, A.C. and Covaci, A. (2008) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in domestic indoor dust from Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom and United States. Environment International, 34, 232-238.
|
[74]
|
Ali, N., Ali, L., Mehdi, T., Dirtu, A.C., Al-Shammari, F., Neels, H. and Covaci, A. (2013) Levels and profiles of organochlorines and flame retardants in car and house dust from Kuwait and Pakistan: Implication for human exposure via dust ingestion. Environment International, 55, 62-70.
|
[75]
|
Xian, Q., Siddique, S., Li, T., Feng, Y.-l., Takser, L. and Zhu, J. (2011) Sources and environmental behavior of Dechlorane plus—A review. Environment International, 37, 1273-1284.
|
[76]
|
Shoeib, M., Harner, T., Webster, G.M., Sverko, E. and Cheng, Y. (2012) Legacy and current-use flame retardants in house dust from Vancouver, Canada. Environmental Pollution, 169, 175-182.
|
[77]
|
Wang, J., Tian, M., Chen, S.J., Zheng, J., Luo, X.J., An, T.C. and Mai, B.X. (2011) Dechlorane plus in house dust from E-waste recycling and urban areas in South China: Sources, degradation, and human exposure. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 30, 1965-1972.
|
[78]
|
Zheng, J., Wang, J., Luo, X.J., Tian, M., He, L.Y., Yuan, J.G., Mai, B.X. and Yang, Z.Y. (2010) Dechlorane plus in human hair from an e-waste recycling area in South China: Comparison with dust. Environmental Science & Technology, 44, 9298-9303.
|
[79]
|
Hearn, L.K., Hawker, D.W., Toms, L.M.L. and Mueller, J.F. (2013) Assessing exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) for workers in the vicinity of a large recycling facility. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 92, 222-228.
|
[80]
|
Johnson-Restrepo, B. and Kannan, K. (2009) An assessment of sources and pathways of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the United States. Chemosphere, 76, 542-548.
|
[81]
|
Gevao, B., Al-Bahloul, M., Al-Ghadban, A.N., Ali, L., Al-Omair, A., Helaleh, M., Al-Matrouk, K. and Zafar, J. (2006) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor air in Kuwait: Implications for human exposure. Atmospheric Environment, 40, 1419-1426.
|
[82]
|
Dellarco, V.L. and Wiltse, J.A. (1998) US Environmental Protection Agency’s revised guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment: Incorporating mode of action data. Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 405, 273-277.
|
[83]
|
Harrad, S., Ibarra, C., Robson, M., Melymuk, L., Zhang, X., Diamond, M. and Douwes, J. (2009) Polychlorinated biphenyls in domestic dust from Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom and United States: Implications for human exposure. Chemosphere, 76, 232-238.
|