广地龙对肌肉减少症小鼠肌肉衰减的影响

The Effect of Pheretima on Muscle Attenuation in Mice with Sarcopenia

摘要: 目的：探讨广地龙蛋白对肌肉减少症(sarcopenia)小鼠肌肉萎缩的延缓作用及其可能的作用机制。方法：采用后肢固定法构建小鼠肌肉失用性萎缩模型，将18月龄SPF级昆明小鼠随机分为模型组、地龙蛋白组和地龙干组。通过饲喂含广地龙蛋白或广地龙干的饲料进行营养干预，分离腓肠肌、比目鱼肌等肌肉组织并测定湿重，检测空腹血糖水平，分离各部位脂肪组织并称重记录。结果：在干预期间，各组小鼠体重和采食量无显著差异。干预4周后，与对照组相比，地龙干增加了造模侧胫腓骨湿重(P = 0.07)。在对非造模侧，地龙干相对于地龙蛋白增加了比目鱼肌湿重(P = 0.079)，地龙蛋白与对照组相比，增加了腓肠肌(P = 0.05)和胫腓骨湿重(P = 0.04)。双侧后肢胫骨前肌、趾长伸肌和股骨重量未受到干预的影响。各组脂肪组织及主要器官湿重无显著差异(P > 0.05)。左侧胫骨前肌和右侧腓肠肌均与腹膜后脂肪和臀部脂肪重量呈显著正相关，右侧比目鱼肌湿重与盲肠长度、盲肠总重、盲肠组织重量、结肠长度呈显著正相关。结论：广地龙干可一定程度上改善废用性肌肉萎缩，也可以增加健康肌肉重量。广地龙干和地龙蛋白均可增加肌肉重量和骨骼重量。本研究为后续深入探讨广地龙及其蛋白对肌肉减少症中的作用提供了基础数据与实验参考。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the delaying effect and possible mechanism of pheretima protein on muscle atrophy in mice with sarcopenia. Method: A mouse model of muscle disuse atrophy was constructed using hind limb fixation. 18 month old SPF Kunming mice were randomly divided into a model group, an earthworm protein group, and a dry earthworm group. Nutritional intervention was carried out by feeding diet containing pheretima protein or dry pheretima. Muscle tissues such as gastrocnemius and soleus were isolated and their wet weight was measured. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured, and adipose tissue from various parts was isolated and weighed for recording. Result: During the intervention period, there was no significant difference in body weight and feed intake among the groups of mice. After 4 weeks of intervention, compared with the control group, dry pheretima increased the wet weight of the tibia and fibula on the modeling side (P = 0.07). On the non-modeling side, the dried earthworm increased the wet weight of soleus muscle relative to earthworm protein (P = 0.079), and compared with the control group, earthworm protein increased the wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle (P = 0.05) and tibia fibula (P = 0.04). The weights of the tibialis anterior muscle, extensor digitorum longus muscle, and femur in both hind limbs were not affected by the intervention. There was no significant difference in wet weight of adipose tissue and major organs among the groups (P > 0.05). The left tibialis anterior muscle and right gastrocnemius muscle are significantly positively correlated with retroperitoneal fat and hip fat weight, while the wet weight of the right soleus muscle is significantly positively correlated with cecal length, total cecal weight, cecal tissue weight, and colon length. Conclusion: Dry Guangdilong can partially improve disuse muscle atrophy and increase healthy muscle mass. Both dry Guangdilong and its protein can enhance muscle and bone mass. This study provides foundational data and experimental references for further investigations into the role of Guangdilong and its protein in sarcopenia.