量子光学实验教学改革实践——基于量子光学实验平台

Reform and Practice of Quantum Optics Experimental Teaching—Based on the Quantum Optics Experimental Platform

摘要: 量子技术已成为战略核心技术领域，相关院校物理学专业本科高年级开设的量子光学实验，是衔接基础量子理论与量子技术实际应用的关键课程。针对当前教学中“量子力学到量子光学的理论跨度过大、光学平台与器件实操经验匮乏、学生缺乏实际应用场景创新思考”三大核心问题，本文以“单光子源制备及纠缠光子对偏振态关联研究”毕业设计实验为核心，构建“理论降维衔接–实操阶梯训练”“现象–数据–场景”两大核心思路，贯穿“以学生为中心”理念设计2人协作式教学环节；明确实验体系在物理学专业教学中的核心地位与前景，提出“问题驱动探究”“任务式实操”两种具体教学手段及实施方案，并拓展两类自主设计性实验。通过定量与定性相结合的混合评估方法验证，该体系可有效降低理论学习门槛、提升学生精密实验操作能力与实际应用场景创新思维，为相关领域输送适配量子通信、量子探测等方向的专业技术人才提供支撑。

Abstract: Quantum technology has become a strategic core technology field. The quantum optics experiment offered to undergraduate students majoring in physics in relevant universities is a key course connecting basic quantum theory with practical applications of quantum technology. In response to the three core issues in current teaching, namely, the large theoretical span from quantum mechanics to quantum optics, the lack of practical experience in optical platforms and devices, and the lack of innovative thinking in practical application scenarios among students, this article focuses on the graduation project experiment of “Preparation of Single Photon Source and Research on Entangled Photon Polarization State Correlation”, and constructs two core ideas: “Theoretical Dimensionality Reduction Connection-Practical Ladder Training” and “Phenomenon-Data-Scene”, which run through the “student-centered” concept to design a collaborative teaching process for two people; clarify the core position and prospects of the experimental system in physics teaching, propose two specific teaching methods and implementation plans: “problem-driven exploration” and “task-based practical operation”, and expand two types of self-designed experiments. Verified by a mixed evaluation method combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, this system can effectively reduce the threshold for theoretical learning, enhance students’ precision experimental operation ability and innovative thinking in practical application scenarios, and provide support for transporting professional and technical talents suitable for fields such as quantum communication and quantum detection.