水稻病虫害绿色防控技术分类及其应用分析

Classification and Application Analysis of Green Control Technologies for Rice Pests and Diseases

摘要: 水稻作为全球最重要的粮食作物之一，其生产安全直接关系到粮食供给与社会稳定。然而，在生产过程中，病虫害的频发与暴发已成为制约产量与品质的重要因素。传统化学防治虽能在短期内取得显著成效，但长期依赖导致抗药性加剧、生态环境退化以及农产品安全隐患突出。绿色防控技术以生态协调为核心，强调多元化、系统化与可持续性，通过农业、物理、生物、生态调控及抗性品种选育等手段协同作用，实现对病虫害的有效控制和生态环境的保护。本文系统分析了水稻常见病虫害发生特点及绿色防控技术的分类与应用，旨在为构建高效、安全、可持续的水稻病虫害管理体系提供技术参考与实践依据。

Abstract: As one of the most important food crops globally, rice production safety is directly related to food supply and social stability. However, frequent and outbreak-like pest and disease occurrences during production have become significant constraints on yield and quality. While traditional chemical control methods can achieve notable short-term results, long-term reliance leads to increased drug resistance, ecological degradation, and prominent safety hazards in agricultural products. Green control technologies, centered on ecological coordination, emphasize diversification, systematization, and sustainability. Through synergistic approaches involving agricultural practices, physical controls, biological interventions, ecological regulation, and resistant variety breeding, these technologies effectively manage pests and diseases while protecting the ecological environment. This paper systematically analyzes the occurrence characteristics of common rice pests and diseases, as well as the classification and application of green control technologies, aiming to provide technical references and practical guidance for establishing an efficient, safe, and sustainable rice pest and disease management system.