“全球塑料公约”的制定：困境与出路

Formulating the “Global Plastics Treaty”: Stalemate and Solution

摘要: “全球塑料公约”是国际社会应对日益严峻的塑料问题的最新进展，旨在通过一项具有法律约束力的多边环境协定打破塑料污染国际法规制碎片化的现状。然而，“公约”在政府间谈判会议中却屡陷入困境，这种困境根源于成员国利益的高度分化以及多边谈判机制的内在缺陷。要克服这些挑战，可从引入多数决机制、建立利益冲突防火墙机制、发挥科学组织的力量以及重新构建全球塑料治理的价值取向几个方面入手，为全球塑料污染治理提供更为公平与可持续的解决方案。

Abstract: The Global Plastics Treaty represents for the latest advancement by the international community in addressing the increasingly severe plastic crisis. It aims to overcome the current fragmentation of international regulations on plastic pollution through a legally binding multilateral environmental instrument. However, the treaty has repeatedly encountered difficulties during the Intergovernmental Negotiation Committee, which stem from the highly polarized interests of member states and the inherent flaws in the multilateral negotiation mechanism. To overcome these challenges, efforts should focus on several key aspects: introducing the majority rule mechanism, establishing conflict-of-interest firewalls, leveraging the strength of scientific organizations and rebuilding the value directions to the global governance on plastic pollution. These approaches will pave the way for fairer and more sustainable global governance on plastic pollution.