马克思“报刊的有机运动”视域下新媒体新闻真实的动态治理研究

The Organic Evolution of Truth and the Dialectical Reconstruction of Regulation: A Study on the Dynamic Governance of News Truth in New Media from the Perspective of Marx’s “Organic Movement of the Press”

摘要: 马克思在《摩泽尔记者的辩护》中提出的“报刊的有机运动”理论，深刻揭示了新闻真实并非静态的产物，而是在无数个体理性交往中动态生成的辩证过程。然而，新媒体技术在拓展传播边界的同时，也带来了主体的情绪化、过程的断裂化与结构的碎片化，导致传统管理模式失效。本文基于马克思的过程真理观与系统交往观，提出治理范式应从“机械管控”转向“有机规制”。所谓“有机规制”，即遵循新闻真实生成规律，构建多元主体协同、全周期动态管理、技术–制度–文化耦合的治理生态系统。通过对治理主体、过程与环境的系统性重构，旨在恢复信息生态的“有机性”，在不确定的舆论场中锚定确定的新闻真实，为构建清朗网络空间提供理论支持与实践路径。

Abstract: The theory of “the organic movement of the press”, proposed by Karl Marx in The Defence of the Moselle Correspondent, profoundly reveals that news truth is not a static product, but a dialectical process dynamically generated through the rational interactions of countless individuals. However, while new media technologies have expanded the boundaries of communication, they have also engendered the emotionalization of actors, the rupture of processes, and the fragmentation of structures, resulting in the failure of traditional management models. Based on Marx’s view of process truth and the systemic view of communication, this paper argues that the governance paradigm should transition from “mechanical control” to “organic regulation”. “Organic regulation” refers to adhering to the laws governing the generation of news truth and constructing a governance ecosystem characterized by multi-subject synergy, full-cycle dynamic management, and the coupling of technology, institutions, and culture. By systematically reconstructing the governance subjects, processes, and environment, this study aims to restore the “organic nature” of the information ecology, anchor definite news truth within an uncertain public opinion sphere, and provide theoretical support and practical pathways for constructing a clean and healthy cyberspace.