基于Arcgis呼包鄂地区生境质量的空间自相关分析

Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Habitat Quality in Hubei and Ezhou Based on Arcgis

摘要: 研究结果表明，呼包鄂地区生境质量在空间上呈现出显著的非随机分布特征。全局Moran’s I指数分析显示，生境质量存在显著的正向空间自相关，即生境质量高的区域倾向于与高的区域相邻，低的区域倾向于与低的区域相邻，且这种聚集性在研究期内呈现出动态变化。LISA聚类分析进一步揭示了空间异质性，清晰地划分出以“高–高”聚集为主的生态核心保护区(如鄂尔多斯杭锦旗等山区)和以“低–低”聚集为主的城市化与工业活动密集区(如呼和浩特、包头、鄂尔多斯市区周边)。高高聚集这些区域受人类活动干扰较小，生态系统相对完整。而低低聚集区域则集中在城市建成区、工矿用地以及部分过度开垦的农田区域，这些区域土地利用强度大，生态功能退化明显。应针对性地实施退耕还林还草、矿山复绿、城市绿地系统建设等工程，以改善局部生态环境。本研究为呼包鄂地区乃至其他类似快速城市化地区的国土空间规划、生态保护修复和可持续发展提供了科学、精细化的决策支持。

Abstract: The results show that the habitat quality in the Hohhot-Baotou-Erdos region exhibits a significant non-random pattern in space. The global Moran’s I index analysis revealed a significant positive spatial autocorrelation in habitat quality, where high-quality habitat areas tend to be adjacent to high-quality areas, and low-quality areas tend to be adjacent to other low-quality areas, with this clustering pattern showing dynamic changes during the study period. LISA cluster further revealed spatial heterogeneity, clearly dividing the regions into ecological core protected areas (such as the Daxinganling Mountains, Majian Mountain, etc.), which are characterized by “high-high” clusters, and urbanized and industrially active areas (such as the suburbs of Hohhot, Baotou, and Erdos) which are mainly characterized by “low-low” clusters. These regions are less disturbed by human activities and have relatively intact ecosystems. Cold spot areas, on the other hand, are in urban built-up areas, mining land, and some over-cultivated farmland areas, where land use intensity is high and ecological functions have significantly degraded. Target engineering measures such as returning farmland to forests and grasslands, mine greening, and urban green space system construction should be implemented to improve the local ecological environment. This study provides and refined decision support for land space planning, ecological protection and restoration, and sustainable development in the Hohhot-Baotou-Erdos region and other similar rapidly urban areas.