数字技术赋能乡村人居环境治理的机制研究

Research on the Mechanism of Digital Technology Empowering Rural Living Environment Governance

摘要: 当前，乡村人居环境治理面临着资源分配失衡、治理主体效能不足、参与渠道梗阻等问题，严重制约了乡村人居环境治理的现代化进程。而数字技术凭借其跨空间性、物联性以及智能计算能力，为化解这些难题提供了关键支撑。本文基于数字中国建设赋能乡村振兴战略的背景，系统剖析数字技术赋能乡村人居环境治理的作用机理、现实挑战以及优化路径。研究表明，数字技术通过推动治理流程向扁平化转型、构建多元协同治理格局、完善长效治理机制，有效提升了治理效能。然而，在实践过程中，仍面临数字基础设施薄弱、主体数字素养欠缺、技术与产业及治理赋能程度较浅、制度保障与激励机制缺失等诸多制约因素。基于此，本文提出筑牢“数字基建 + 传统基建”双支撑体系、深化数字技术赋能绿色发展、推动农业智能化改造与数字化转型、强化主体赋能与制度保障等政策建议，旨在为推进乡村人居环境治理的数字化、智能化转型，实现乡村治理现代化提供理论依据与实践指导。

Abstract: Currently, the governance of rural living environments faces challenges such as imbalanced resource allocation, insufficient effectiveness of governance entities, and obstructed participation channels, which severely constrain the modernization process of rural living environment governance. Digital technology, with its cross-spatiality, interconnectivity, and intelligent computing capabilities, provides critical support for addressing these issues. Based on the background of digital China construction empowering the rural revitalization strategy, this paper systematically analyzes the mechanisms, practical challenges, and optimization paths of digital technology in empowering rural living environment governance. The study shows that digital technology effectively enhances governance efficiency by promoting the flattening of governance processes, building a multi-stakeholder collaborative governance framework, and improving long-term governance mechanisms. However, in practice, there are still many constraints, including weak digital infrastructure, insufficient digital literacy among entities, shallow technological and industrial empowerment, and the lack of institutional safeguards and incentive mechanisms. In light of this, the paper proposes policy recommendations such as consolidating the “digital infrastructure + traditional infrastructure” dual-support system, deepening digital technology empowerment for green development, promoting intelligent transformation and digitalization of agriculture, and strengthening entity empowerment and institutional safeguards. These aim to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for advancing the digital and intelligent transformation of rural living environment governance and achieving the modernization of rural governance.