以“学生为中心”的研究生自主学习与导师引导机制创新教学模式的研究

Research on the Innovative Teaching Model of Student-Centered Postgraduate Autonomous Learning and Supervisor Guidance Mechanism

摘要: 面对研究生规模与培养质量提升的双重压力，传统“结果导向”的培养模式已难以适应当前的育人需求。本研究立足“学生为中心”理念，针对当前研究生教育主体性不足、导学互动机制固化及过程管理碎片化等现实困境，探索并构建了项目化培养新机制。通过综合运用文献梳理、问卷调查与深度访谈，本研究深入剖析了研究生自主学习与导师指导的现状，并据此搭建了一套包括“问题确立–计划调适–过程反馈–效果评价”的全链条机制框架。经由试点实施、过程监控及多维评估的实证检验，结合行动研究法进行动态迭代，研究证实了该机制的有效性。本研究的结论表明“学生为中心”思想并非弱化导师职能，而是通过机制化的参与路径与支持系统，实现导师引导与学生自主发展的深度协同。本研究提出的机制创新为提升研究生培养质量提供了具体的方法参考。

Abstract: With the continuous expansion of postgraduate enrollment and the growing demand for quality improvement, the traditional result-oriented training model faces significant challenges in meeting contemporary educational requirements. Under this background, addressing practical dilemmas that include the insufficiency of student agency, rigid supervisor-student interactions and fragmented process management has become a critical issue to be addressed. Grounded in the student-centered philosophy, this paper explores and constructs a novel project-based training mechanism. By integrating literature reviews, questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews, this paper analyzes the current status of postgraduate autonomous learning and supervisor guidance to establish a comprehensive framework comprising problem identification, plan adjustment, process feedback and effect evaluation. Furthermore, through empirical verification involving pilot implementation, process monitoring and multi-dimensional assessment, the validity of this mechanism is confirmed. The paper indicates that the student-centered approach does not weaken the supervisor’s role, but rather achieves deep collaboration between supervisor guidance and student self-development through mechanized participation pathways and support systems. This paper aims to provide concrete methodological references and theoretical support for the high-quality development of postgraduate education.