基于社会服务功能的重庆市中小河流健康评价研究

Health Assessment of Small and Medium-Sized Rivers in Chongqing Based on Social Service Functions

摘要: 为深入贯彻水利部和重庆市水利局关于河流健康评价工作的相关指示精神，推动落实重庆市河长制工作要点，检验河长制湖长制是否“有名”“有实”，本文以重庆市十条中小河流为评价对象，选取公众满意度、防洪达标率、供水水量保证程度、岸线管理指数为指标，采用统计学方法对重庆市内十条河流的社会服务功能进行分析。研究表明：在重庆市内十条河流中，渠溪河的平均准则层赋分最低且变异系数最大。对重庆市内十条河流进行比较研究，发现重庆市内河流的社会服务功能得分总体差异不大且较高，说明重庆市内河流总体处于较高健康水平。采用聚类分析对十条河流进行分类，其中笋溪河属于高健康组，抱龙河属于低健康组，其余河流属于中健康组。其中影响各河流社会服务功能得分的主要指标为公众满意度，通过实地调查发现影响公众满意度的主要因素是水体颜色、淹水情况和水面漂浮物。本研究结合重庆市公众对河流实际情况的满意程度，为河流健康和综合治理提出了科学依据。

Abstract: To thoroughly implement the directives from the Ministry of Water Resources and the Chongqing Municipal Water Resources Bureau regarding river health assessments, advance the implementation of Chongqing’s River Chief System priorities, and assess whether the River Chief and Lake Chief Systems are “in name only” or “truly effective”, this study takes ten small and medium-sized rivers in Chongqing as evaluation objects. Using public satisfaction, flood control compliance rates, water supply reliability, and shoreline management indices as indicators, statistical methods were employed to analyze the social service functions of these rivers. Research indicates that among the ten rivers, the Quxi River exhibits the lowest average criterion layer score and the highest coefficient of variation. A comparative study reveals that their social service function scores show minimal overall variation and remain relatively high, suggesting that Chongqing’s rivers generally maintain a high health level. Through cluster analysis, the Sunxi River belongs to the high-health group, the Baolong River to the low-health group, and the remaining rivers to the medium-health group. The primary indicator influencing the social service function scores is public satisfaction. Field investigations reveal that the main factors affecting public satisfaction are water color, flooding conditions, and floating debris. This study integrates Chongqing residents’ satisfaction with actual river conditions and offers a scientific basis for river health and comprehensive management.