基于熵权-TOPSIS模型的公路水路运输工作量综合评价及区域差异研究

Comprehensive Evaluation of Highway and Waterway Transportation Workload and Regional Differences Based on Entropy Weight TOPSIS Model

摘要: 在旅游业复苏与区域经济协同发展推动下，我国公路、水路运输工作量显著增长，但区域发展不均衡已成为制约运输业协调发展的关键。为精准评估区域运输量发展水平，本文选取2024年度全国31个省级行政区域的公路与水路运输数据，构建了含绝对规模和增长潜力的8项指标体系，采用熵权-TOPSIS模型展开研究，先分别测算公路、水路综合得分，再依据全国换算周转量确定权重并得到各省最终得分，在此基础上进行区域差异分析。研究显示，我国各地区运输发展存在显著不均衡特征，东部省份综合运输发展水平显著优于西部，其格局与区域经济基础、地理资源条件及交通发展政策高度契合。该研究结论可为后疫情时代制定差异化、可持续的交通发展政策提供理论支撑与决策参考。

Abstract: Driven by the recovery of tourism industry and the coordinated development of regional economy, the workload of highway and waterway transportation in China has increased significantly, but the unbalanced regional development has become the key to restricting the coordinated development of transportation industry. In order to accurately assess the development level of regional transportation volume, this paper selects the highway and waterway transportation data of 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China in 2024, and constructs eight index systems including absolute scale and growth potential. The entropy weight TOPSIS model is used to carry out the research. Firstly, the comprehensive scores of highway and waterway are calculated respectively, and then the weight is determined according to the national converted turnover and the final score of each province is obtained. On this basis, the regional differences are analyzed. The research shows that there is a significant imbalance in the development of regional transportation in China. The comprehensive transportation development level of the eastern provinces is significantly better than that of the western provinces, and its pattern is highly consistent with the regional economic foundation, geographical resources and transportation development policies. The research conclusion can provide theoretical support and decision-making reference for formulating differentiated and sustainable transportation development policies in the post epidemic era.