超龄劳动者的劳动权益保护研究

Research on the Protection of Labor Rights and Interests of Over-Aged Workers

摘要: 在人口深度老龄化的社会背景下，超龄劳动者的社会劳动参与规模持续扩大，成为劳动力市场的重要组成部分，但其劳动权益保护面临着社会制度体系衔接不畅、社会福利保障覆盖不足、就业支持体系适配性欠缺、社会歧视观念根深蒂固及权益救济机制不完善等多重问题。从社会学视角来看，超龄劳动者的权益保护是实现积极老龄化的核心要求，也是维护社会公平、挖掘人口红利、激发社会活力的现实需要，其正当性源于社会包容性发展的内核与老龄群体的社会劳动参与权。应从社会发展的整体视角出发，构建包容性弹性就业环境，完善与再就业相衔接的社会福利保障体系，优化适配超龄劳动者的就业支持服务，培育积极的老龄就业社会文化，并健全政府、企业、社会协同的权益保护机制，通过多元社会治理手段保障超龄劳动者的合法权益，推动其平等参与社会劳动，助力社会积极老龄化的高质量发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of a deeply aging population, the scale of social labor participation by over-age workers continues to expand, becoming an important component of the labor market. However, their labor rights and interests’ protection face multiple issues such as poor social system integration, insufficient social welfare coverage, inadequate adaptability of employment support systems, deeply ingrained social discrimination concepts, and imperfect rights and interests relief mechanisms. From a sociological perspective, the protection of the rights and interests of over-age workers is a core requirement for achieving active aging, as well as a practical need to maintain social fairness, tap into demographic dividends, and stimulate social vitality. Its legitimacy stems from the core of inclusive social development and the social labor participation rights of the aging population. From the overall perspective of social development, it is necessary to build an inclusive and flexible employment environment, improve the social welfare and security system linked to re-employment, optimize employment support services suitable for over-age workers, cultivate a positive social culture of aging employment, and strengthen the rights and interests protection mechanism coordinated by the government, enterprises, and society. Through diversified social governance means, the legitimate rights and interests of over-age workers should be protected, promoting their equal participation in social labor and facilitating the high-quality development of active aging in society.