生态人类学视角下贵州喀斯特生态农业探究

A Study of Karst Ecological Agriculture in Guizhou from the Perspective of Ecological Anthropology

摘要: 贵州喀斯特地区生态环境脆弱，石漠化问题突出。自乡村振兴战略实施以来，在政策引导与市场驱动下，生态农业的介入正深刻改变着当地传统的生计方式，推动其由单一、粗放的种植模式向多元化、生态化的现代农业模式转型。从生态人类学的整体性视角出发，生态农业不仅重塑了人与自然的关系，也强化了社区共同体的协作机制与集体行动能力，成为西南地区协调生态保护与经济发展、实现农民增收与文化传承的关键路径，为西南生态脆弱区的可持续发展提供了重要的“贵州经验”。

Abstract: The Karst region of Guizhou features a fragile ecological environment and prominent rocky desertification, yet it is endowed with rich ethnic cultural diversity. Since the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, driven by policy guidance and market forces, the introduction of ecological agriculture has profoundly transformed the local traditional livelihoods. It has promoted the shift from a single, extensive planting model to a diversified, ecological modern agricultural model. From the holistic perspective of ecological anthropology, the development of ecological agriculture has become a key pathway for coordinating ecological protection and economic development, increasing farmers’ incomes and inheriting traditional culture in southwest China. It provides important “Guizhou Experience” for the sustainable development of ecologically fragile areas in the southwest.