必须保卫现代：为什么福柯并非后现代主义者？

We Must Defend Modernity: Why Is Foucault Not a Postmodernist?

摘要: 本文探讨福柯理论对人文社科研究的范式革新意义。福柯始于对弗氏压抑假说的质疑，摆脱了以原欲为核心的分析，转向探究权力与知识的共生关系。他批判性超越马克思主义决定论与结构主义封闭性，发展出强调断裂与博弈的知识考古学与谱系学。本文认为，此方法的价值超出了文学或任何单一领域的批评，其通过将研究对象“问题化”，为整个社会科学领域提供了一种诊断自身知识基础与权力效应的元方法论框架。

Abstract: This paper explores the paradigm-shifting significance of Foucault’s theory in the field of humanities and social sciences research. Foucault began by questioning Freud’s repression hypothesis, breaking away from the analysis centered on primal desires and turning to the exploration of the symbiotic relationship between power and knowledge. He critically transcended Marxist determinism and structuralist closure, developing a knowledge archaeology and genealogy that emphasize discontinuity and game. This method is believed to have value far beyond the field of literary criticism, as it “problematizes” the research object and provides a meta-methodological framework for diagnosing the knowledge base and power effects of the entire humanities and social sciences.