山东矿山地质环境现状及治理对策研究

Present Situation and Treatment Countermeasures of Mine Geological Environment in Shandong

摘要: 山东矿产资源丰富，开采历史悠久，开发强度较大。矿产资源的开发在保障了经济社会高速发展对矿产资源需求的同时，也引发了较多的矿山地质环境问题。本文在分析山东矿山地质环境现状、环境问题类型、分布及存在问题的基础上，认为山东主要的矿山地质环境问题有：露天开采造成的山体破损和采坑、地下开采造成的采空塌陷和废弃工业用地及固体废弃物堆放等，转产、破产、政策性关闭、闭坑等矿山也遗留了大量矿山地质环境问题。这些矿山地质环境问题具有相互继承性、区域分布的差异性和环境效应的双重性等特点，导致矿山地质环境问题历史欠账大，治理任务艰巨。据此对矿山地质环境的形成原因进行了研究，山东省矿山地质环境问题保护形势总体向好，矿山地质环境问题增量将得到有效控制、增速将大幅降低、分布范围大幅缩减，历史遗留矿山地质环境问题存量将会逐步减少，并提出了治理矿山地质环境问题的对策和建议。

Abstract: Shandong is rich in mineral resources, and has a long history of exploitation and higher develop-ment intensity. The exploitation of mineral resources has guaranteed the demand of mineral re-sources for the high-speed development of economy and society, but it also causes more problems in mine geological environment. Based on the analysis of the present situation, types, distribution and existing problems of the mine geological environment in Shandong mines, it is considered that the main geological environmental problems in Shandong are: mountain damage and mining pit caused by open-pit mining, caving of mining ground caused by underground mining, dumping of abandoned industrial land and solid waste, etc. Conversion of production, bankruptcy, policy clo-sure, closed pits and other mines have also left a large number of mine geological environment problems. These mine geological environmental problems are characterized by mutual inheritance, regional distribution difference and dual environmental effect, which lead to a large historical shortage of mine geological environment problems, and the arduous task of governance. Based on this, the causes of formation of mine geological environment are studied. The situation of mine geological environment protection in Shandong Province is generally improving, the increment of mine geological environment problems will be effectively controlled, the growth rate will be greatly reduced, the distribution scope will be greatly reduced, and the stock of mine geological environment problems left over from history will be gradually reduced. The countermeasures and suggestions for mine geological environment problems were proposed.