认知视角下一词多义中“花”的英译研究

A Cognitive Perspective on the English Translation of “Hua” in Polysemy

摘要: 同一汉字在不同语境下可以表达不同的含义。在中英两种语言中，由于社会文化和历史背景的差异，词汇的多义性表达也有所不同。本文以“花”作为语料进行一词多义现象研究及其英译策略分析，以期发现中英两种语言在一词多义表达中的差异。研究表明，1) “花”的词义延伸多是隐喻的结果。2) 英汉两种语言对“花”的翻译结果表现为不完全对等。3) 汉语中同一词汇在英语中可能对应多种表达方式，翻译时须结合具体语境选择词汇进行表达。4) 对一词多义中的词语翻译要遵循一定的翻译策略，注意同一含义的不同词汇、短语的表达形式之间的细微差异，考察和比较之后方能选用。

Abstract: The same Chinese character can express different meanings in different contexts. Due to the dif-ferences in social, cultural and historical backgrounds, the expressions of polysemy are different between Chinese and English. This paper takes “Hua” as the corpus to study the polysemy and analyze its translation strategies in order to find out the differences between Chinese and English in the polysemy. The study shows that 1) The extension of the meaning of “Hua” is mostly the result of metaphor. 2) The translation results of “Hua” in English and Chinese are not completely equivalent. 3) The same word in Chinese may correspond to a variety of expressions in English, so the translation should be based on the specific context to choose words to express. 4) The translation in polysemy of a word should follow certain translation strategies, pay attention to the subtle differences between different expressions of words and phrases with the same meaning, and select them after investigation and comparison.