温度对还原氧化石墨烯电化学性能影响的研究

Effect of Temperature on Electrochemical Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide

摘要: 通过改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨，以水合肼作为还原剂，分别在60℃、80℃、95℃、110℃反应温度下，采用水浴法制备了还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)。通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱进行形貌与结构表征，利用电化学工作站对4种还原温度条件下所制备的RGO样品的电化学性能进行测试。此外，在10℃、30℃、50℃、70℃、90℃水浴条件下对所制备的RGO样品的电化学性能进行测试。结果表明：反应温度对RGO表面形貌的影响很大，110℃反应温度下制备RGO的效果最好，还原较为充分，片层较薄，具有一定的多孔结构，呈现良好的电化学性能，比电容达到184.0 F/g。还原氧化石墨烯的比电容随测试温度升高而增大，在90℃时达到207.3 F/g。

Abstract: Graphite oxide was prepared by an improved Hummers method, and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was prepared by a water bath method with hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent at different reaction temperatures of 60˚C, 80˚C, 95˚C, and 110˚C. Their morphology and structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical performance of the RGO prepared at four different reduction temperatures was tested using an electrochemical workstation. Besides, the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared RGO was tested at 10˚C, 30˚C, 50˚C, 70˚C, and 90˚C in a water bath. The results show that the reaction temperature has a great influence on the surface morphology of RGO. The RGO prepared at 110˚C is the best, which has a relatively sufficient reduction, a thin sheet, a certain porous structure, good electrochemical performance, and the specific capacitance reaches 184.0 F/g. It is interesting to note that the specific capacitance of RGO increases with the rise in test temperature and then reaches 207.3 F/g at 90˚C.