脑卒中患者出院后应对能力的评价与分析

Evaluation and Analysis of Coping Difficulty of Stroke Patients after Post-Discharge

摘要: 目的：使用中文版出院后应对能力量表，评估脑卒中患者出院后应对能力的现状并探讨其影响因素。方法：便利抽样选取武汉市三级医院2019年12月~2021年1月出院的112例脑卒中患者，分别在患者出院时对患者出院准备度，出院指导质量及出院后30天的出院后应对能力进行评价，采用相关性分析，探讨脑卒中患者出院后应对能力的影响因素，最终为提高临床出院准备服务，提供科学依据。结果：脑卒中患者的出院应对能力量表总分为43.54 ± 13.46，均分为6.22 ± 1.92，并且14%的脑卒中患者在出院30天内发生了再次入院，说明出院后应对能力整体水平不足。家庭人均月收入、个人状态、偏瘫肢体、预期性支持、住院天数和指导技巧与效果6个变量进入了回归方程，可解释脑卒中患者出院后应对能力总变异的75%。结论：脑卒中患者的出院后应对能力整体水平不足。脑卒中患者出院后应对能力的主要影响因素是：家庭人均月收入、主要照顾者、ADL、住院天数、偏瘫肢体、出院准备度和出院指导质量。

Abstract: Objective: The Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale was used to assess the status quo of the coping ability of stroke patients after discharge from the hospital and to explore its influencing factors. Method: Convenience sampling selected 112 stroke patients discharged from the third-level hospital in Wuhan from December 2019 to January 2021, and the patients were discharged from the hospital to evaluate the patient’s readiness for discharge, the quality of discharge guidance, and the ability to cope 30 days after discharge at the time of discharge. Correlation analysis is used to explore the factors affecting the coping ability of stroke patients after discharge, and ultimately provide a scientific basis for improving clinical discharge preparation services. Results: The total score of the Discharge Coping Ability Scale for stroke patients was 43.54 ± 13.46, and the average score was 6.22 ± 1.92, and 14% of stroke patients had re-admission within 30 days of discharge, indicating that the overall level of coping ability after discharge was insufficient. Six variables including family monthly income, personal status, hemiplegic limbs, expected support, length of stay in hospital, and guidance skills and effects entered the regression equation, which can explain 75% of the total variation in coping ability of stroke patients after discharge. Conclusion: The overall level of coping ability of stroke patients after discharge from hospital is insufficient. The main influencing factors of the coping ability of stroke patients after discharge are: family monthly income, main caregiver, ADL, length of stay in hospital, hemiplegic limbs, discharge readiness and quality of discharge guidance.