青年学生手机依赖和睡眠时长、主观睡眠质量的关系——睡前拖延的中介作用和自我控制的调节作用

Mobile Phone Addiction and Sleep Quality among Young Students—The Role of Bedtime Procrastination and Self-Control

摘要: 目的：探讨了手机依赖和睡眠时长、主观睡眠质量(含工作日及非工作日)的关系，以及睡前拖延的中介作用和自我控制的调节作用，为干预手机依赖、睡前拖延等现实问题提供建议。方法：采用问卷法以1235名15~26岁青年学生为被试，运用结构方程建模的方法进行多重中介效应检验。结果：1) 手机依赖可正向预测睡前拖延、负向预测睡眠时长和主观睡眠质量，睡前拖延在手机依赖及睡眠时长、主观睡眠质量间起中介作用；2) 自我控制负向预测手机依赖和睡前拖延，且自我控制在手机依赖与睡前拖延间起调节作用，高自我控制的个体更易因手机依赖导致睡前拖延；3) 工作日和非工作日，手机依赖、睡前拖延与睡眠时长、主观睡眠质量的关系路径有所差异。即便可以自主支配作息时间，手机依赖仍然通过睡前拖延和睡眠时长间接影响主观睡眠质量。结论：通过控制睡前对手机的使用，或许可有效减缓青年学生因手机依赖导致的部分睡眠问题。但2020年疫情发生后，网课和网上办公慢慢成为生活的一部分，我们对于手机依赖的理解可能也需要及时更新。

Abstract: 1235 young students aged 15~26 were questioned by questionnaire to explore the relationship between mobile phone addiction and sleep duration, subjective sleep quality (including working days and non-working days), as well as the mediating role of bedtime procrastination and the regulatory role of self-control. The results showed: 1) Mobile Phone addiction could positively predict bedtime procrastination, negatively predict sleep duration and subjective sleep quality. In the meanwhile, bedtime procrastination played a mediating role between mobile phone addiction and sleep duration, subjective sleep quality. 2) Self control could negatively predicted mobile phone addiction and bedtime procrastination. Also, self-control played a moderating role between mobile phone addiction and bedtime procrastination—Individuals with high self-control were more likely to lead to bedtime procrastination due to mobile phone addiction. 3) There were differences in the relationship between mobile phone addiction, bedtime procrastination, sleep duration and subjective sleep quality between working day and non working day—Even without compulsory sleep-wake requirements, mobile phone addiction still indirectly affected the subjective sleep quality through bedtime procrastination and sleep duration. However, after the outbreak of the epidemic in 2020, online classes and online office had gradually become a part of our life, and therefore, the understanding of mobile phone addiction may also need to be updated in time.